初中英语语态知识点两类被动句型的转换题目(热门20篇)

1.“begoingto+动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将be的相应形式前移到句首，即“Are/Is/Am+主语+goingto+动词原形+其它?”。其否定句是在be动词的相应形式后加not.如：

(1)Theyaregoingtoplayfootballthisafternoon.(肯定句)

(2)Aretheygoingtoplayfootballthisafternoon?(一般疑问句)

(3)Theyarenotgoingtoplayfootballthisafternoon.(否定句)

2.“shall/will+动词原形”结构的一般疑问句是将shall或will前移到句首，即“Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其它?”。其否定句是在shall或will后加not.如：

(1)Ourteacherwillcomebackverysoon.(肯定句)

(2)Willourteachercomebackverysoon?(一般疑问句)

(3)Ourteacherwon’tcomebackverysoon.(否定句)

基式被动句

句型［主语+（特殊定式动词）+be+过去分词…+by+施动者］

1.WehavebeengreatlyencouragedbyLeiFengsexample.

2.Smokingisnotpermittedinthistheatre.3.Howthesteelwastempered?

4.RobertFinnwasdismissedbythebossofthefactory.

5.IfCowperwoodwereconvicted,Stenerneedsmustbe.

6.Thestorywillbecontinuedinournextmonthsissue.

7.Hastheworkbeenfinishedaheadoftime?

[注]阅读时不要把含有by的成语当成施动者，如：byhand（用手）byitself（独自）bystorm（突然）byair（乘飞机）例如："ManyyearsagoagreatcastleinHollandwastakenbystorm.Theenemiesenteredthecastle…"

句型［主语+get+过去分词+其他］

1.Hegotkilledinthewar.2.Theboygothurtonhiswayhomefromwork.

3.ThisstoryeventuallygottranslatedintoEnglish.4.Hegotdismissed.5.Hegotplucked.6.Hegotdrownedlastyear.7.Idontwanttogetmixedupwiththepoliceagain.

句型［主语+be+形容词+tobe+过去分词+其他］

1.Sheisboundtobereceivedwarmly.2.Weareliabletobeoverheardhere.

3.Heisnotlikelytohavebeennotifiedaboutit.4.Castironisapttobebroken.

5.Everythingthatisgoodissuretobepraisedandeverythingbadissuretobeexposed.

6.Hewasunluckytobehurt.

句型［主语+谓语+tobe+过去分词+其他］

1.Heseemedtobeshutupinhimselflikeashellfish.2.Isittobesungorsaid?

3."WouldyouliketobetaughtLatin?"-Iasked.

4.Sheaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.

5.Hepreferredtobeassignedsomethingmoredifficulttodo.

句型［主语+被动式谓语+介词/副词虚助词+by+施动者］

1.Hewasoftenspokenabout.2.Hewaswelllookedafter.3.Thatmancanbereliedupon.

4.ThisideawasputforwardbyMr.Wheatley.5.Childrenarewelltakencareofinthenurseries.

[附注1]表示被动行为的施动者主要用by，但也有用with,不过with已近于表示行为的工具，后面不能接人的名词，如：Iwasmuchimpressedwiththebeautyofthemusic.Heisdeeplyimpressedwithyourgenerousdonation.

Hewaskilledwithabullet.Iwasstruckwithanidea.

[附注2]一般说来，只有当谓语是被动式时，这个句子才可称为被动句，下面的句子含有被动意义的非谓语成分，虽然表达了一定的被动意义，但是不能说是被动句，Shedidntlikeherselftobepraisedlikethat.这种被动意义的非谓语成分主要由下了词语表达出来：

1)被动不定式。它可以在句中作主语、定语、复合宾语、状语等。

Itisanhonorformetobeinvitedtotakepartinthemeeting.

Hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce.Shewasthefirstwomantohavebeenelectedtosuchapost.

2)被动分词在句中作定语、复合宾语等。Hetoldustokeepasecretofthethingsbeingdiscussed.

Thegoodsorderedlastmonthhavenotarrivedyet.Youllfindthetopicbeingdiscussedeverywhere.

ThespeechmadebythePrimeMinisteryesterdaydelightedhissupporters.

3)被动动名词。IhadthehonorofbeingelectedHisbeingneglectedbythehostaddedtohisuneasiness..

被动语态习题

1ThePeoplesRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.

A.found

B.wasfounded

C.isfounded

D.wasfound

2English____inCanada.

A.speaks

B.arespoken

C.isspeaking

D.isspoken

3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.

A.oftensings

B.oftensang

C.isoftensang

D.isoftensung

4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.

A,makes

B.made

C.ismaking

D.ismade

5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.

A.isused

B.areusing

C.areused

D.haveused

6.Ourroommust___clean.

A.keep

B.bekept

C.tobekept

D.tokeep

7.——Idliketobuythatcoat.

——Imsorry___.

A.itsold

B.itsselling

C.Itsbeensold

D.ithadbeensold

8.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuilding

B.isbeingbuilt

C.beenbuilt

D.bebuilding

9.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleft.

A.wasleft

B.willbeleft

C.isleft

D.hasbeenleft

10.Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.

A.need

B.areneeding

C.areneeded

D.willneed

key:1-5BDDDC6-10BCBAC

被动语态的特殊用法主要有两种形式分别是：主动形式表示被动意义，被动形式表示主动意义。我们具体来看一下它们的用法：

1、用主动形式表示被动意义。

主动形式来表示被动意义主要有以下六个考点：

1）某些连系动词如smell，feel，taste，sound，prove等可表达被动含义。如:

Thestorysoundsinteresting.这个故事听起来很有趣.

Theapplesmellsnice.这个苹果闻起来很香。

2）某些表示“发生”（happen，takeplace）“爆发”（breakout/burstout）和“传播（spread）”等不及物动词在句子中表达被动含义。如

Greatchangeshavetakenplacetheseyearsinmyhometown.

近几年我的家乡发生了很大的变化。

3）由介词for，on，above，under等构成的短语经常可以表达被动含义。如:

Andsomeofherfamousphotosareondisplayinthisexhibition.

她的一些著名的画在这次展览会上被展出。

这个句子里的ondisplay就是主动形式，表示被动的含义。

4）形容词worth后面跟动名词表示被动含义。如:

Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。

5）在need，want，require，deserve和bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动含义，它的含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如

Thehouseneedsrepairing.

=Thehouseneedstoberepaired.

这房子需要修理

Myclothsneedwashing.

=Myclothsneedtobewashed.

我的衣服需要洗了。

6）某些动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义。

有些形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。如nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等词。举个例子同学们来体会一下：

Sometimes，businessEnglishishardtounderstand.有时，商业英语很难理解。

主动语态与被动语态的区别：

在主动语态中，主语后面接人(be+动词原型)

被动语态(be+动词过去分词)

在主动语态中，主语是谓语动词的使动方。在被动语态中，主语是谓语动词的受动方。

在语法结构上，主动语态和被动语态的区别主要在于，主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语，然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法;而被动语态则使用系词+动词的过去分词作为谓语，各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。

举例：

1.主动语态：Thesnowslidekilledhim.雪崩害死了他。

被动语态：Hewaskilledbythesnowslide.他死于雪崩。

2.主动语态：Weuseelectricitytorunmachines.我们用电力来开动机器。

被动语态：Electricityisusedtorunmachines.电力被我们用来开动机器。

3.主动语态：Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.贝尔于1876年发明了电话。

被动语态：ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.电话是贝尔于1876年发明的。

It引导的被动句

句型［It+被动式谓语+名词/形容词+实际主语（不定式、动名词）+其他］

1.Itwasconsideredashametocheatinexamination.2.Itwasfounddifficultforustounderstandhim.

3.Itwouldbeconsideredunwiseyourgoingtherewithoutaguide.

4.Itwasdeemedsheerwasteoftimearguingaboutit.5.Itwasprovedwrongtosaythingslikethat.

句型［It+被动式谓语+实际主语（that/疑问关联词）+从句］

1.Itisrequestedthatyoukindlytakeimmediateactioninthematter.

2.Itwasarrangedthatalltheboysshouldgobybikeandallthegirlsonfoot.

3.Ithasnotbeenfoundoutwhosettherecord.

4.Ithasntbeenmadeclearwhenthenewroadisopentotraffic.

5.Hasitbeendecidedwherewearetoholdtheconference?

保留宾语的被动句

句型［主语+被动式谓语+保留宾语+（by+施动者）］

这类保留宾语的被动句中常用动词有：allow,afford,bring,deny,ensure,give,hand,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,return,tell,show,teach等。

1.TheRosembergsweredeniedafairandopentrial.2.Mr.Smithwasgivenaprize.

3.Thepositionwasoffered(to)Mr.Black.4.Hewasshownthedifference.

5.WearebroughtfreedomandhappinessbytheParty.

句型［主语+被动式谓语+介词+保留宾语+（by+施动者）］

带介词保留宾语的被动句中常用动词有：clear…of,cure…of,strip…of,add…to,devote…to,dedicated…to,base…on,compare…with,free…from等。

1.Wearewhollydedicatedtotheeducationalcause.2.Thenewswastoldtoeveryone.

3.Alltheroadswereclearedofsnow.4.Educationmustbecombinedwithproductionlabor.

5.Thematterwasthenreportedtohimbytelephone.6.Theorderwaspassedtohimbyhisson.

4.带主语补足语的被动句

句型［主语+被动式谓语+介词+主语补足语+不定式/现在分词+（其他）］

适用本句型常见的谓语动词：接不定式的：advise,allow,ask,compel,command,help,wish,warn,等。

接现在分词的：feel,hear,listento,notice,see,lookat,watch,find,imagine,leave（听任）等。

1.Iwaswarnednottobelate.2.Becauseofhiscomplainthewasnotpermittedtoplaycricket.

3.Iamsupposedtoknowsomethingaboutscience.4.Theyneedntbekeptwaiting.

5.Childrenshouldbetaughttospeakthetruth.6.Theenginehadbetterbestartedrunning.

句型［主语+被动式谓语+介词+主语补足语+名词/形容词/介词词组+（其他）］

适用本句型常见的谓语动词：接名词的：name,call,choose,elect,appoint,make,find,leave（保留）等。

接形容词的：bake,beat,boil,burn,cut,keep,make,paint,wash,wipe等。

1.ThislittleboywascalledJohn.2.Hewasappointedheadoftheteam.

3.NewtonwasmadePresidentoftheRoyalSociety.4.Hewasbeatblackandblue

5.Ilosemykey.Thetrunkhadtobebrokenopen.6.Thepatientwaspronouncedoutofdanger.

1.Its+形容词+of+sb.+动词不定式

这一句型表示"某人（做某事）……"。常用形容词有：good,kind,nice,polite,clever,foolish,lazy,careful,careless,right,wrong等，来说明"人"的性质或特征。

Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.你能帮助我真是太好了。

Itsfoolishofyoutomakesuchmistake.你真傻啊，竟然犯这种错误。

2.Its+形容词+for+sb.+动词不定式

这一句型表示"做某事对某人来说……"。常用形容词有：difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible等，来说明动词不定式的性质、特征。

Itisimpossibleforachildtoanswerthequestion.小孩子不可能回答出这个问题。

Itsdangerousforyoutoswimalone.你自己一个人去游泳很危险。

3.主语+be动词+形容词+动词不定式

这一句型常用表示感情或情绪的形容词，如：glad,pleased,sorry,sad,thankful等以及表示能力和意志的形容词，如:ready,able,sure,certain等。

Imverysorrytohearthenews.听到这个消息我很难过。

Imgladtoseeyou.见到你我很高兴。

ComradeLeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpothers.雷锋同志总是乐于帮助别人。

Tomissure/certaintocome.汤姆一定会来。

将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题

1.Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager______toworkonlineathome.www.51jjcn.cn/yfdq/3095.html

A.encouragesB.encourageC.isencouragedD.areencouraged

解析：主语是alltheemployees(复数)，而不是themanager，排除答案A和C；又因alltheemployees与encourage是被动关系，要用被动语态，排除B，故选D。

2.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.

A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered

解析：alibrary是offer的承受者，要用被动语态，排除B和D；又因主语(library)是单数，排除C；故选A。注意：withfivethousandbooks是alibrary是定语。

将语态与虚拟语气结合起来命题

—Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe______toMiamibuttoNewYork?

—Iagree,buttheproblemis______hehasrefusedto.

A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;that

C.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what

解析：因he与send是被动关系，排除D；又因it(is)necessary后的that从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原形”，排除选项A；答句中的表语从句不缺任何句子成分，用that；故选B。

将语态与倒装结合起来命题

Onlyaftermyfriendcame______.

A.didthecomputerrepairedB.berepairedthecomputer

C.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired

解析：因thecomputer与repair是被动关系，排除A；又因only加状语置于句首，要用部分倒装，排除选项D和B；故选C。

将固定短语中的名词作主语来增加句子理解难度

Goodcaremust______babies,particularlywhiletheyareill.

A.takeB.takeofC.betakenD.betakenof

解析：由固定短语takegoodcareof(好好照看)是可知，goodcare与take是被动关系，排除A和B；选项C中又漏掉了of；故选D。

在语境中将语态与时态结合起来命题

1.Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople______toeatmorefruitandvegetables.

A.persuadeB.willpersuadeC.bepersuadedD.arepersuaded

解析：因people与persuade是被动关系，排除A和B。又因为主语是一般将来时，条件句中用一般现在时，所以选D。

2.Hundredsofjobs______ifthefactorycloses.

A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willlost

解析：因lose与jobs是被动关系，排除A和D；又因条件状语从句是一般现在时，主句中的谓语动词应当是一般将来时，故选B。

3.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.

A.werewashedawayB.isbeingwashedaway

C.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway

解析：因goodearth(沃土)与washaway(冲走)是被动关系，排除C；又因quantitiesof…作主语，谓语动词用复数，排除B；指近阶段(近些年)正在发生的事，用现在进行时，排除A；故选D。

4.—Thewindowisdirty.—Iknow.It______forweeks.(www.yygrammar.com)

A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned

解析：由is和forweeks可知，要用现在完成时态，排除B和C；又因It(Thewindow)与clean是被动关系，要用被动语态，所以选D。

5.—GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougotothewedding?

—No,I______.Didtheyhaveabigwedding?

A.wasnotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvited

C.hadn’tbeeninvitedD.didn’tinvite

解析：因为I与invite是被动关系，又因为邀请应当发生在结婚之前，gotmarried是过去，invite就该是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，只有C正确。

6.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_____by2006.

A.hasbeencompletedB.hascompleted

C.willhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompleted

解析：因“by+将来时间”通常与将来完成时连用，所以由by2006可排除A和B；又因为work与complete是被动关系，所以要被动语态，只有C正确。

7.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmay______runoverbyacar.

A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turn

解析：you与runover是被动关系，选项中只有get才可与过去分词run构成被动语态，故选B。

双重被动句

句型［主语+被动式谓语+被动不定式+其他］

1.Thedateisexpectedtobeannouncedsoon.

2.Thegatewasorderedtobeclosedatnineoclock.

3.Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutoftheroom.

4.Thesearmsaresupposedtohavebeenusedbypartisansduringtheanti-Japanesewar.

5.Thetaskisreportedtohavebeencompletedyesterday.

6.Theinstrumentsaresupposedtobeusedonlybyskilledworkers.

[注]H.W.Fowler说过，双重被动式，从文体学观点来看是应该尽量避免，因为从表面看来容易为类似的假象所混淆。如：(错)Thehousewasbeguntobebuilt.不是房子开始而是房子的建造开始。下列动词不适宜于本句型：attempt,decide,promise,seek,begin,hope,intend,propose,purpose,threaten等。

不可说：Theworkwasattemptedtobedonequickly.应当说：Anattemptwasmadetodotheworkquickly.

不可说：Hehasbeendecidedtobehelped.应当说：Ithasbeendecidedtohelphim.Ithasbeendecidedthatheshouldbehelped.

[附注]主动语态与被动语态互相转换时应注意的几点事项。

1）基本转换公式：省略。

2）转换时一般不得变更动词的时态。另下列各时式不能用于被动句中。

1.将来进行时2.现在完成进行时3.将来完成进行时4.过去完成进行时

3）被动句中by后接us,you,them,one时，by短语可以省略。

4）祈使句中使用被动式谓语很少见，以下各句可说是例外：Pleasebeseated.Betrustedratherthanfeared.

一般情况使用let帮助构成祈使句的被动语态。

Doonethingatatime.→Letonethingbedoneatatime.Givehimsomethingtoeat.→Letsomethingtoeatbegiven(to)him./→Lethimbegivensomethingtoeat.

5）在下列情况下，主动句不能转换成被动句。1.由于宾语的性质不用被动句：

A.当宾语是缺乏实义的代词it时，不能变，如：walkit,goit,fightitout

B.当宾语为反身代词时，不能变，如:(错)Himselfwasabsentedbyhim.

C.宾语前若有主语的物主代词时，不能变，如:(错)Hisfingeriscutbyhim.

D.当宾语是eachother或oneanother时不能变，如:(错)Eachotherishelpedbyus.

E.当宾语是不定式时，很少转用于被动句。不宜说：Togoiswantedbyme或Itiswantedbymetogo.

2.由于某些动词的性质不用被动句,这类动词有：become,befit,fail,last,resemble,suit,suffice,wish,disappear,lackwant,like,hate,possess,own,contain,have,happento,belongto,breakout,takeplace,setsail,shakehandswith,takepartin等。

3.当某些动宾关系十分紧密不可分割时不能变被动句。这种组合中的宾语大多表示工具、方式或结果，如：Sheleanedherelbowsonthetable.Hekeptsilence.Hetook(made)aflight.Theboydidnotloseheart.Nydiabowedhergratitude.

4.容易发生歧义的句子最好不用被动句，如：Thetalldoctorshookhishead.

6)有些被动句不能变成主动句，如：Hewaskilledinwar.Itissaidthatheisill.

1.两相关联

句型［…two…:one…,(and)theother…］/［…two…:one…,(and)another…］

1.Therearetwobooksonthetable:oneisChineseandtheother,English.

2.Everytimeyoubreathe,youbreathetwodifferentbreaths.Youtakeinoneandgiveoutanother.

3.Therearethreeballs.Oneisblackandtheothersarewhite.

句型［…one(thing)…,(and/but)…another…］

1.Itisonethingtoflourishandanothertofight.2.Tosayisonething,buttodoisanother.

3.Itisonethingtolearn,andanothertoteach.4.Toknowisonething,topractiseisanother

句型［On(the)onehand,…andontheother(hand)…］

1.Ontheonehand,Iamyourteacher,andontheother,Iamalsoyourcomradeandfriend.

2.Theyhavebeenblamedononehandandlaudedontheother.

3.Ontheonehand,youshouldntbeshy,ontheotherhand,youmustntforgetyourmanners.

4.Ontheonehand,theremustbegreatenthusiasminwork,andontheother,labormustbealternatedwithrest.

句型［…two(both)…,theone…(and)theother或theformer…(and)thelatter或thefirst…(and)thesecond或that(those)…(and)this(these)…］

1.Ihavetwobrothers,PaulandRichard;theone(theformer)isfifteenandtheother(thelatter)iseleven.

2.Accuracyandexpressivenessarethetworequisitesintranslation;theone(thefirst)istoexpresstheexactthoughtoftheoriginalarticleandtheother(thesecond)istomakethetranslationreadilyunderstood.

3.Todieortoyield?Iprefertheformeralternativetothelatter.

4.InhislecturehedweltespeciallyuponAhQandKongI-ji,pointingoutthatthesecondaswellasthefirstwasatype.

5.Workandplayarebothnecessarytohealth,this(thelatter)givesusrest,andthat(theformer)givesusenergy.

6.Theykeephorsesandcattle,thoseforriding,andtheseforfood.

[注]如果连举三件事物或人，然后加以说明时，可用152句型的扩充式："…three,one(theone)…another(theother/thesecond)…athird(thethird)…"。如：

1.Therearethreepeople.Oneisaworker,anotherisapeasant,andathirdisasoldier.

2.Onceuponatimetherelivedthreepeople:theonewasdeaf,theother(second)wasblind,andthethirdwaslame.

句型［Some…(and)some/others…］

1.Somesayyes,andsomesayno.2.Someliketoplayfootball,othersarefondofbasketball.

3.Everyoneofushasanengine,i.e.thebrain,somepeoplecanuseit,andsomepeoplecannot.

4.Afterwefinishschool,someofuswillentertheuniversitiestostudy,someofuswillworkinthefactories;someofuswillgotothecountryside,andsomeofuswillbesoldiersinthearmy.

5.Someareplayinggamesunderabigtree.Somearedancinginaring.Othersarerowingonthelake,andstillothersaresingingontheplayground.

[注]类似本句型的还有：

1)"…partof+名词…,therest(of+名词)如：Thegraduatesofourschoolnumbertwohundredandthirty,partofwhomarestudyingonwhiletherest(remainder)aregoingtothecountrysideorenteringfactories.

2)"…part…part…"如：Athome,IoftenspeakasentencepartinChinesepartinEnglish.

3)"…half…half…"如：Thisalloyishalfcopperhalfsilver.

先后顺序

句型［…first,…,second,…,third,…,lastly,…］［…One,…,Two,…,Three,…,Four,…］

［…first(firstly),…,secondly,…,thirdly,…,lastly,…］

1.Tombrowniswellknowninthiscity.(First)Hehasbeenamemberofthecitycouncilformanyyears.Secondly,andfarmoreimportantly,heisafootballplayerofnationalreputation.

2.First,Iwishbothofyougoodhealth.Second,Iwishbothofyousuccessinyourwork;andthird,Iwishbothofyougoodluckineverything.

3.Whatdoweneedinordertoreallywin?Weneedthreethings:first-arms,second-arms,third-armsandarmsagain.

句型［First/Atfirst/Firstofall…,soon/afterwards…,then/later/lately…,finally/eventually/atlast…］

1.Firstthink,(and)thenspeak.2.Atfirstyoumayfindithard,butitwillsoonbecomeeasy.

3.Ithinkthisfirstdayofourvacationisgoingtobeveryenjoyableforus.Wellprobablyfirstplayagameoftennis.Afterwardswelltakeashower.Thenwelldosomesun-bathingonthebeach.Eventually,welltakeawalkintotown.

4.FirsthegoestoParis,thenhegoestoBrussels,thenhemakesuphismindtogotoParisagain,andthenfinallydecidestocomehome.

5.First,thesensesaretobesettowork;then,memory;and.,atlast,understandingandjudgment.

句型［Tobeginwith/Atthebeginning…,next/secondly/thesecondpoint…,furthermore/moreover…,finally/thefinalpoint/andtoconclude…］

1.Tobeginwith,heistooyoung;secondly,hehasnotfinishedhisstudies.

2.Theycannotagree.Tobeginwith,theyquarrel.Next,theycalleachothernames.Finally,theyfighteachotherwiththeirspears.3.Atthebeginningheshowedsomereluctance,butfinallyconsented.

4.Takingthepictureismainlyaquestionofspeed,firstinselectingthesubject,nextinfocusingthecamera,furthermore,intakingtheactualpictureandfinallyinhandingoutthecard.

[注]这种常见的呼应承接方式：1)开头用语：Tobeginwith,wemaysaythat…Iwanttobeginbysaying…

ThefirstthingIwanttosay…AtfirstIwanttosay…

2)中间承接用语：Next,begtopointoutthat…ThenextpointImustmakeis…Anotherthingis:…

Therestillanotherthing:…Iwanttomakeonemorepoint…

3)结束用语：Iwillsumupbysaying…Iwillconcludebysaying…Thefinalpointis…

ThefinalthingIwanttosayisthis…

修饰限制

句型［…thesame+名词+as/that+从句］

1.Thisisthesamebagas（相似）/that(同一)Ilostyesterday.

2.Isthisthesameasyoushowedmebefore?3.Iamofthesameopinionasyou(areoftheopinion).

4.Heisofaboutthesameageasyou(areoftheage).

5.Thisisthesame(=very)manthatImettheotherday.

6.Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthesametodaythatitalwayswas,anditwillneverchange.

7.Thisisbutanexpressionofrevisionism,thesamerevisionismthatLeninfought.

[注]本句型中as有时可以当that用，如：Wedroveoutofthetownbythesameroadaswehadenteredby.

如果thesame表示"同一"时，后接with+名词，如：Icameinthesamebuswithhim.

Theyareinthesameclasswithus.

句型［…such…+名词+as+名词或从句］

1.Thereisnosuchplaceasyoudreamofinallthisworld.2.IlikesuchfinecityasBeijing.

3.Thiswassuchamereplatitudeasalmosttogowithoutsaying.

4.NowhereintheworldistheresuchaplaceforanidlemanasLondon.

5.ThewavesweresuchasIneversawbefore.

6."…wecantbelieveyou.Thereisnosuchcountryintheworldastheoneyouhavetoldusabout…."

[注]本句型中as不可以用that,which或who取代。如:（错）Donottalkaboutsuchthingsthat/whichyoudonotunderstand.应说：Donottalkaboutsuchthingsasyoudonotunderstand.或Donottalkaboutthosethingsthat/whichyoudonotunderstand.

句型［…one/he;those/they+who（定语从句）］

1.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.2.Hewhowouldsearchforpearlsmustdivebelow.

3.Theywhoarefullofthemselvesareveryempty.

4.Thereisnoroyalroadtoscience,andonlythosewhodonotdreadthefatiguingclimbofitssteeppathshaveachanceofgainingitsluminoussummits.

5.Thosewhounderstandthisformulaholduptheirhands.

句型［…all+who/that（定语从句）］

1.Irememberedthatallwhotookpartintheeveningdanceforjoy.

2.AllwhomIsawherewerediligentattheirwork.3.Alliswellthatendswell

4.Allthathedoes,hedoesitwell.

5.Allthatyoudo,dowithyourmight,thingsdonebyhalvesareneverdoneright.

[注]英语中有专用以指物的句式，如：Itisthatthat(多用which)Ineed.Thosethatsucceedaremostlycorrect.

句型［Aperson等+who定语从句］

1.Manwhohasasettledpurposewillsurelysucceed.

2.Donotblametheonewhospeaksbutheedwhatyouhear

3.Apersonwhomeetswithdifficultiesmayaskhiscomradesforhelp.

4.PeoplewhoareliberalslookupontheprinciplesofMarxismasabstractdogma.

5.Apersonwhodoesnotdohisdutywillnotsucceed.

6.Peoplewholiveinglasshousesshouldnotthrowstones.

[注]以上句型都含有"条件"意味，不过不能在句子前加if，不然就用条件从句来表示,如:（错）Ifapersonwhodoesnotdohisdutywillnotsucceed.应说:Ifapersondoesnotdohisduty,hewillnotsucceed.

句型［…theday/time…+when（定语从句）］

1.IshallneverforgetthedaywhenIenteredtheuniversity.

2.Thetimewillcomeafterallwhenwearevictorious.

3.Thedaywillcomewhenhistorywillspeak.

4.Hehadseenthedaywhentherewerenomotorcarsontheroads.

5.GoneforeverarethedayswhentheimperialistscoulddoastheypleasedinAsia,AfricaandLatinAmerica.

两相连接

句型［…notonly/notenough/notmerely…+also/butalso(too)/but…(aswell)…］

1.Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.=Inotonlyheardit,Isawit,too(aswell).=Inotonlyheardit,butsawitaswell.

2.Wevecomealongwaytoyourcountrynotonlytogiveperformances,but,whatsmoreimportant,topromotemutualunderstandingbetweenus.

3.Itisnotonlywhatwedo,butalsowhatwedonotdo,forwhichweareaccountable.

4.Ifyourfriendremindsyoukindlyofyourfaults,takewhathesaysnotmerelypleasantlybutthankfully.

5.Itisnecessaryforustolearnfromtheveteranworkersnotenoughtheirskillbutalsotheirnoblerevolutionaryspiritandgoodproletarianqualities.

[注1]注意本句型中连词所连接的是两个同等成分，连词的位置应摆在两个同等成分的前面。如：

（误）HenotonlyspeaksEnglish,butalsoFrench.（正）HespeaksnotonlyEnglish,butalsoFrench.

[注2]如果本句型中连词所连接的是两个主语，其谓语动词应与靠近的一个名词保持人称和数的一致。如：

Notonlythechildrenbutalsotheirfatherisinthetown.Notonlythemanbut(also)hischildrenareinthetown.

[注3]sofarfrom[不…而…]Sofarfromtheraindoinganygood,itdidagooddealofharm.

句型［…名词A+aswellas+名词B］/［…名词B+and+名词+Aaswell］

1.Heaswellasyouisverydiligent.

2.Youaswellasheareverydiligent.(cf.Notonlyyoubutalsoheisverydiligent.)

3.Thesepillsaregoodtopreventdisease,aswellastocurewhenoneissick.

4.Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.5.TheylearnFrenchaswellasEnglish.

[注1]注意aswellas用在肯定句中与否定句中的含义不同，如：

He,aswellashissister,hasjoinedtheParty.He,aswellashissister,hasnotyetjoinedtheParty.

HehasnotyetjoinedthePartyaswellashissister.（他还没有像他姐姐那样入了党。）

[注2]如果连接的成分较多，还可以将句型166，167结合起来用，如：Thisprojectnotonlyhascomeintofullplayinirrigation,butalsoplayedanimportantpartindevelopingwaterpower,navigationandfisheryaswellasinprovidingindustrialwatersupply.

句型［…both+A(名词)+and+B(名词)…］［…atonce+A(名词)+and+B(名词)…］

1.BothmywifeandMrs.Bakerareveryfondofmusicandbothplaythepianoverywell.

2.Thebookisalike(=both)agreeableandinstructive.3.Hehasbothabilityandprinciple.

4.Dickenslanguage,atoncerich,colorfulandvaried,islikeafineandsensitivemusicalinstrument.

5.Achildisaresponsibilitybothtoitsparentsandtosociety.

句型［…neither…nor…］

1.Neitheryounorheistoblame.2.Marywasneitherhappy,norwasshesad.

3.Hownicetheweatheris！Itisneitherhotnorcold.

4.Ineitherexpressedsurpriseatthisresolutionnorattemptedtodissuadeherfromit.

[注1]如果连接两个以上的并列成分，可用以下方式：

1)"…neitherA,ＢnorC…"如：Theysparenothing,neithertheirlabor,theirwealthnoreventheirlives.

2)"…neitherA,BnorC,norD…"如：NeitheryounorInoranybodyelsehasseenit.

[注2]诗歌中的"nor…nor…"="neither…nor…"如：Norheavennorearthhavebeenatpeacetonight.

句型174［…either…or…］

1.Pleaseeithercomeinorgoout,dontstandthereinthedoorway.

2.EitherIwillfindaway,orIwillmakeone.3.Itsnottobeforgottenorforgiveneither.

4.Infact,thepoorpeopleinEnglandaregiventhealternative,eithertodieofhungerquicklyoutsidetheworkhouse,ortodieofhungerslowlyinsideit.

[注]本句型可用于否定句,但句型166，168不用于否定句,如:(误)Henotonlydoesntfearhardships,butalsonotfeardeath.(不用于否定句)(误)Hedoesntfearbothhardshipanddeath.(误)Hefearsnotneitherhardship,nordeath.(正)Hefearsneitherhardshipnordeath.Hedoesntfeareitherhardshipordeath.

主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

Allthepeoplelaughedathim.

Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.

Theymakethebikesinthefactory.

Thebikesaremade?bythem inthefactory.

歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。

1.Therebe结构

a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。

eg.Therearetwentygirlsinourclass.have也解释为“有”但是与therebe有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.Ihaveanicewatch.

b.Therebe结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。

c.Thereisarivernearourschool.

否：Thereisnotarivernearourschool.

问：Istherearivernearourschool.

回答：Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.

划⑴Howmanyriversaretherenearourschool?

⑵What’snearourschool?

d.therebe结构的一般将来时，同学们较难掌握，其正确形式为：thereisgoingtobe

e.反意疑问句的构成：Thereisnowaterintheglass,isthere?

①Thereisgoingto_____afootballmatchthisafternoon.

A.haveB.watchC.beD.play

②Theyweresurethattheyweregoingto____arest.

A.beB.haveC.beonD.on

2.so,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so,neither引导的倒装句。

a.So+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。

eg.Mikehasboughtsomeforeignstamps.

SohasBob.=Bobhasboughtsome,too.

b.Neither+be(助动词，情态动词)＋主语，表示某人也不。

eg.MotherhasneverbeentoJapan.

NeitherhasFather.=FatherhasneverbeentoJapan,either.

c.So＋主语＋be(助动词，情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同),请同学们与a.区别。

eg.A:Mikeisrightintheclassroom.

B:Soheis.=Heisreallyintheclassroom.

3.It’s+时间+since动词过去式。自从...起已有...时间了。

⑴It’stwoweekssincewemetlast.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了)

⑵HowlongisitsinceweleftBeijing?(自从我们离开北京已有多久了

4.祈使句+and(那么)...

eg.Gostraightonandyou’llseeaschool.=Ifyougostraighton,you’llseeaschool.

5.祈使句+or...否则...

eg.Workhard,oryouwillfallbehindtheotherstudents.

=Ifyoudon’tworkhard,you’llfallbehindtheother.

6.The+比较级...，the+比较级...越...越...

eg.⑴Themore,thebetter.越多越好。

⑵Theharderyouworkonit,thebetteryou’llbeatit.(你越用功，你就越好。)

7.Howdoyoulikethefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?(你认为这部电影怎样？)

8.What...dowith...?怎样对付...?怎样处理...?

虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不可照字面翻译为how.

eg.A:Whathaveyoudonewiththelibrarybook?

B:I’vejustreturnedittothelibrary.

9.Idon’tknowwhattodo.我不知道该怎么办？

Idon’tknowhowtodo.×10.What...belike?...是什么样的？

eg.⑴What’stheweatherlike?天气如何？

⑵What’syourschoollike?你们学校是什么样的？

11.What...for?为何目的？为什么？

eg.Whatdoyouwantasciencelabfor?=Whydoyouwantasciencelab?

12.oneof+最高级＋复数最...之一

eg.MissZhaoisoneofthemostpopularteachers.

13.findit+形容词+todo

eg.IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell.(我发觉学好英语是很有用的)

find+宾语+名词eg.Ifindhimagoodboy.(我发现他是个好男孩.)

find+宾语+形容词eg.Ifindthedooropen/closed.(我发现门开/关着)

Ifindourbagsfilledwith/fullofpresents.(我发现我们的包装满了礼物)

14.Idon’tthink+肯定句我想...不

eg.Idon’tthinkI’lltakeit.(我想我不买它了)

请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。

15.preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanB更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.

eg.Ipreferfishtochicken.=Ilikefishbetterthanchicken

主动：Heansweredmethequestion.(正)

被动：Iwasansweredthequestionbyhim.(正)

被动：Thequestionwasansweredmebyhim.(误)

以上句子涉及带双宾语动词的被动语态问题。这个问题可以从三个方面去概括：

有些带双宾语的动词转换为被动语态时，可以有两种形式(即可用直接宾语或间接宾语作主语)，这类动词主要的有：buy，give，lend，pay，show，teach，tell，offer，leave，award等：

他给了她一些钱。

主动：Hegavehersomemoney.(正)

被动：Shewasgivensomemoneybyhim.(正)

被动：Somemoneywasgiven(to)herbyhim.(正)

有些带双宾语的动词转换为被动语态时，通常要用直接宾语作主语，这类动词主要的有：do，make，pass，sell，sing，write等：

他给她写了封信。

主动：Hewroteheraletter.(正)

被动：Aletterwaswritten(to)herbyhim.(正)

被动：Shewaswrittenaletterbyhim.(少见)

有些带双宾语的动词转换为被动语态时，通常要用间接宾语作主语，这类动词主要的有：answer，refuse，save，spare，deny，envy等：

他们不允许我入场。

主动：Theyrefusedmeadmittance.(正)

被动：Iwasrefusedadmittancebythem.(正)

被动：Admittancewasrefusedmebythem.(少见)

中考英语句型转换解析分类汇编：同义型句型转换

同义型句型转换

同义型句型转换即是用另一种方式来表述与原句相同的句意，也称作同义句转换，主要考查学生对句型及词汇的掌握情况。

【真题引导1】

Ipreferwalkingtheretogoingbybus.

Iprefertowalkthere___bybus.

【答案与解析】

该题考查prefer...to...与prefer...ratherthan...这两个句型的转换。前者后接动词时用V.+ing形式，而后者则接不定式，并且ratherthan后的不定式符号要省略。答案：ratherthango。

被动语态应注意问题

1.不及物动词无被动语态。

Whatwillhappenin100years./Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.

2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。

Thispenwriteswell./Thisnewbooksellswell.

3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上to.

①makesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+madetodosomething

②seesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+seentodosomething

③Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.

4.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语（物）作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

①Hegavemeabook.→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.

②Heshowedmeaticket.→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.

5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

Wecantlaughathim.→Hecantbelaughedatbyus.

八种时态的被动语态：（变be的时态即可，done不动）

1）一般现在时：am/is/are+done

①Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.

Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.

②Theschooldoesntallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.

Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.

2）一般过去时：was/were+done

①Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth.

Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.

②Thestudentsdidntforgethislessonseasily.

Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten

3）一般将来时：will+bedone

①Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.

Carswillbesentabroadbysea.

②Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.

Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers.

4）一般过去将来时：would+bedone

①Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.

Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.

②Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.

Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.

5）现在进行时：am/is/are+being+done

①TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.

Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio.

②Wearepaintingtherooms.

Theroomsarebeingpainted.

6）过去进行时：was/were+being+done

①Theworkersweremendingtheroad.

Theroadwasbeingmended.

②Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.

Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.

7）现在完成时：have/has+been+done

①Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

②Hehasbroughthisbookhere.

Hisbookhasbeenbroughthere.

8）过去完成时：had+been+done

①WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.

②Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.

Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader

操作方法

主动语态与被动语态的区别：

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态

例：He killed her（他杀了她）

主语是动作的接受者为被动语态

例：She was killed by him（她被他杀了）

被动语态的形成

在16种时态中，有几种时态没有或无法形成被动语态，因此现代英语中常用的被动语态只有10种，如下图：

分别举例说明：

一般时的被动语态

一般现在时的被动语态：主语 + be/is/sre + p.p(动词的过去分词，下同）

例：He is lovedby everyone.（他受到大家的爱戴）

例：I am askedto study hard.（我被要求努力学习）

一般过去时的被动语态：主语 + was + P.P

例：The book was written by him.（这本书是他写的）

例：He was seen dancing yesterday.（他昨天跳舞被看到了）

一般将来时的被动语态：主语 + will be +P.P

例：The naughty boy will be punished by his mother.（这个顽皮的男孩会被他妈妈惩罚）

例：He will be elected president next year.（下一年他将会被选为主席）

一般过去将来时的被动语态：主语 + would be + P.P

例：He said he would be dispatched to Syria.（他说他会被派遣到叙利亚）

进行时的被动语态

现在进行时的被动语态：主语 + be/is/are being + P.P

例：Prisoners are being judged.（犯人正在被审判）

例：My bike is being repaired. （我的自行车正在修理当中）

过去进行时的被动语态：主语 + was/were being + P.P

例：The stadium was being built that time.（那时体育场正在建设当中）

完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态：主语 + have/has been + P.P

例：This book has been translated into many languages.（这本书被翻译成很多语言）

过去完成时的被动语态：主语 + had been + P.P

例：The hostages had been released when police arrived（警察到时人质已经被释放了）

将来完成时的被动语态：主语 + will + have been + P.P

例：He will have been judged by the time you arrived.

过去将来完成时的被动语态：主语 + would have been + P.P

例：I said that some delicious sandwiches would have been made by the time we got back.（我说了我们回来时美味的三明治已经做好了）

注意：

① 带有助动词的句子转化为被动语态时，这些助动词或情态动词要根据新主语做相应的变化，例：

主动：We shall not use the washing machine again.

被动：The washing machine will not be used again.

（洗衣机不能再用了）

② 带有双宾语的授予动词，其被动语态有两种，当直接宾语作为主语时，间接宾语前面加上相应的介词(to/for/of/on)。例：

I gave him a book. （主动）

He was given a book by me. (被动）

A book was given to him by me.（被动）

（我给了他一本书）

那么什么情况下使用被动语态呢？

专项训练

1.(2014·深圳·18)—Itsreportedthatsomecapsules(胶囊)arereallybadourhealth.

—Soundsterrible.Hopefullytheproblemassoonaspossible.

A.to;issolvedB.for;hassolved

C.to;wassolvedD.for;willbesolved

2.(2014·广东模拟·43)Lotsoftreesandflowersonbothsidesoftheroadlastyear.Oh,beautifultheyare!

A.havebeenplanted;what

B.wereplanted;what

C.wereplanted;how

D.havebeenplanted;what

3.(2014·浙江模拟二·21)—Canyouplaythepieceofmusicforus,Cathy?

—Ofcourse.Itmanytimes.

A.teachesB.istaught

C.hasbeentaughtD.taught

4.(2013·陕西)Thesickboytohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.

A.istakenB.wastaken

C.takesD.took

5.(2013·河北)DrivingafterdrinkingwineinChina.

A.allowsB.doesntallow

C.isallowedD.isntallowed

6.(2013·重庆)ItotakepartintheEnglishspeechcontestlastweek.

A.askB.asked

C.amaskedD.wasasked

7.(2013·湖南岳阳)—MayIuseyourcup,Tom?

—Sorry,itbymysisterjustnow.

A.wasbrokenB.isbrokenC.broke

8.(2013·江苏南京)Imgladtofindthatmanytreesinourcitylastyear.

A.plantB.planted

C.wereplantedD.areplanted

9.(2013·安徽)—Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou thisjob?

—Well,Imthinkingabouttheworkingday.

A.offerB.willoffer

C.areofferedD.willbeoffered

【答案与解析】

1.D 解析：考查一般将来时态被动语态的用法。故选D。“bebadfor...(对……有害)”是固定搭配,所以排除A、C两项。因为应答句后面一句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词要用被动语态。由“assoonaspossible(尽快)”判断,应该用一般将来时态。故选D。

2.C 解析：考查一般过去时态被动语态的用法。句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词要用被动语态。由“lastyear(去年)”判断,要用一般过去时态;又因为后面一句是感叹句,形容词“beautiful”之前应该用how来引导。故选C。

3.C 解析：考查现在完成时态被动语态的用法。应答句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词应该用被动语态,所以排除A、D两项。由“manytimes”判断,动作已经完成。故选C。

4.B 解析：考查被动语态。主语为thesickboy,和动词take之间为动宾关系,故要用被动语态。再由yesterday可知要用一般去过时的被动语态,故选B。

5.D 解析：考查被动语态。句意为“酒后驾车在中国是不被允许的。”可知为否定的被动语态,故选D。

6.D 解析：考查被动语态。句意:上周,我被邀请参加英语演讲比赛。根据句意,应用被动语态;又因有时间状语lastweek,应用过去时,故答案选D。

7.A 解析：被动语态的用法。根据句意可知是被动语态,又时间状语为justnow,故答案为A。

8.C 解析：考查被动语态的用法。由lastyear可推断用一般过去时。trees和plant为被动关系,因此,为一般过去时的被动语态。句意:我很高兴地发现,我们的城市去年种了许多树。故选C。

9.C 解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句及被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时表示将来;根据句意,此处应该用被动语态。故选C。

一般说来，表示被动意义要用被动态，构成被动态的动词必须是及物动词，不及物动词是没有被动态的。

但是，英语里有些不及物动词在SV（A）结构中却含有被动意义。这里主要有两种情况：

一种是早期英语的残余。例如：

Thehouseisbuilding.（房屋在建造中。）

Thebookisprinting.（书在印刷中）

在现代英语中则要求用通常的被动态表示，试比较：

Thehouseisbeingbuilt.

Thebookisbeingprinted.

另一种情况是为数不少的不及物动词可以表示被动意义。不及物动词的这种用法与汉语表示颇为相似，在日常用语中常有所见，值得注意，现摘引若干实例如下。

Browning’splayswon’tact.布朗宁的戏剧不宜上演。

Themeetingadjournedatfiveo’clock.会议于五点钟休会。

Tomatoesbruiseeasily.西红柿很容易碰伤。

Thisbeltwon’tbuckle.这根腰带扣不上。

Myvoicedoesn’tcarrywell.我的声音传不远。

Enamelwarescleaneasily.搪瓷器皿容易弄干净。

Thisboxdoesn’tcloseproperly.这箱子关不拢。

Theseapplescookwell.这些苹果适于烹煮。

Thismetalcutseasily.这种金属容易切削。

Thepipedoesnotdrawwell.这烟斗不大畅通。

Nylondriesquickly.尼龙织物干得快。

Thismaterialdoesnotdyewell.这料子染不好。

Iteatswell.这东西吃上去味道好。

Thehallsoonfilled.那大厅不久便坐满了人。

DampWoodwillnotfire.潮湿的木头不会着火。

Thiswheatgrindswell.这种麦子很好磨。

Thebrakedoesnotgripproperly.刹车不灵。

表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。

with+名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

举例:Hestoodthere,hishandraised.

=Hestoodthere,withhishandraise.

典型例题

Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback。

A.beingtied B.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied

答案D.with+名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.

注意:

1)独立主格结构使用介词的问题：

当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但with的复合结构不受此限制

Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand.

(hand前不能加his)。

2)当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。

Helaythere,histeethset,hishandclenched,hiseyeslookingstraightup.

典型例题：

Weather___,wellgooutforawalk.

Apermitted Bpermitting Cpermits Dforpermitting

答案B.本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号，且we小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，其结构为：名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为天气允许，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。

如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为Ifweatherpermits,wellgooutforawalk.然后将if去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。