英语作文得高分的句型(精彩20篇)

1.Itisthefirst/secondtime....that....结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时

例：

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.

这是我第一次参观这座城市。

Itisthethirdtimethattheboyhasbeenlate.

这是这个男生第三次迟到了。

2.Thisisthe...that..结构，that从句要用现在完成时

例：

ThisisthebestfilmthatI’ve(ever)seen.

这是我看过的最好的电影。

ThisisthefirsttimethatIveheardhimsing.

这是我第一次听他唱歌。

3.Itis/Ithasbeen+时间段+since...

例：

Ithasbeen/Its5yearssincewelastmet.

自从上一次我们相遇到现在已经是五年了。

Its/Ithasbeen3monthssincethemandied.

那人去世3个月了。

4.一段时间+完成时结构+since引导的时间状语从句

例：

TwoyearshaspassedsinceIcamehere.

固定结构：

1.keepdoing

2.keep/carryondoing

3.keepsb.Doing

4.enjoydoing(Heenjoysnothingbutplayingthecomputer.)

5.finishdoing

6.beafraidofdoing

7.beworthdoing

8.bebusydoing

9.be/get/becomeusedtodoing(Weareusedtolivinginthecountryside.)

10.dislikedoing(Shedislikesdoinghousework.)

11.howaboutdoing//whataboutdoing

12.spendsometime(in)doing

13.spendsomemoney(in)buying

14.feellikedoing

15.stop/keep/prevent…fromdoing

16.thankyoufordoing

17.thanksfordoing

18.dosomecooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing

19.goswimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating

20.minddoing

21.preferdoing…todoing…

22.prACTise(prACTice)doing(HeprACTicesspeakingEnglisheveryday.)

23.canthelpdoing

24.havefun/difficulty/trouble/problemdoingsth.

25.wastetime/moneydoing

26.insteadofdoing

27.missdoing

28.lookforwardtodoing期望(渴望)做某事

(Imlookingforwardtogettingyourletter.)

中考英语句型转换解析分类汇编：同义型句型转换

同义型句型转换

同义型句型转换即是用另一种方式来表述与原句相同的句意，也称作同义句转换，主要考查学生对句型及词汇的掌握情况。

【真题引导1】

Ipreferwalkingtheretogoingbybus.

Iprefertowalkthere___bybus.

【答案与解析】

该题考查prefer...to...与prefer...ratherthan...这两个句型的转换。前者后接动词时用V.+ing形式，而后者则接不定式，并且ratherthan后的不定式符号要省略。答案：ratherthango。

等比句

句型［主语（主体）+谓语+as+形容词/副词+as+被比对象］

1.HeisastallasI(am).2.Thiswindowisjustaswideasthatone.

3.Thisisjustasgoodanexampleastheother.4.DoesJohnworkashardasHenry?

5.Wehaveaccomplishedasmuchinthepastthreeyearsaswouldhavetakentenyearsinthepast.

[注]如果形容词后有一个单数可数名词,不定冠词应置于名词之前形容词后,如：HeisaspooraspeakerasI.

句型［主语+谓语+nomore形容词//副词（或no+形容词/副词比较级）+than+被比对象］

1.Sheisnolessdiligentthanhereldersister.2.Oneminutetoolateisnomoreintimethanhalfanhour.

3.ThefoodontheshipwasnobetterthanonanyothershiponwhichBillyhadsailed.

4.Wetoohaveaheadandtwohandsandarenostupiderthanothers.

5.Chinaswomen,nolessthanmen,areparticipatinginallkindsofworkinthesocialistconstructionoftheircountry.

[注]如果两个主语相比，谓语动词应与前一个保持一致关系。如：Henolessthanyouis(不是are)diligent.

[附注]表示等比的还有以下一些方式：

1)"…beequalto+被比对象"如：Adingledayisequaltotwentyyears.Instrength,heisequaltome.

2)"…beworth+被比对象"如：Aninchoftimeisworthaninchofgold.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush

3)用其他词语表达：Threeearlymorningswillmakeaday.OnlyheinourclasscancopewithyouinknowledgeofEnglish.

差比句

句型［主语+谓语+形容词比较级/副词比较级+(名词)+than+被比对象］

1.Toomuchhelpissometimesworsethannohelp.

2.Factsspeaklouderthaneloquence.(Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.)

3.Ourroomisalittlelargerthantheirsandithasmorefurnitureinit.

4.Lightdoesnottravelatthesamespeedthroughallmaterials;itgoesslowerthroughsomethanthroughothers.

[注]这种形容词组合还可以作定语，置于名词之后。如：Itfeedsonwormsandotherfishsmallerthanitself.

句型［主语+谓语+more/less+形容词原级/副词+than+被比对象］

1.Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.

2.Heismoreattentiveinclassnowthanhewaslastterm.

3.Itslesscoldthanitwasyesterday.

4.Heworksmoreregularlythanyoudo.

5.Theneweditionislessexpensivethantheoldone.

[注1]使用比较级要注意两点：

1)不要使用双重比较级，如：(误)Hisyoungerbrotherwasmorestrongerthanhe.

(正)Hisyoungerbrotherwasmuchstrongerthanhe.Hisyoungerbrotherwasstrongerthanhe.

2)不要使用无比较对象的孤立的比较级。如：(误)Wesawmanysmallerhousesonbothsidesoftheriver.

(正)Wesawmanysmallhousesonbothsidesoftheriver.

(正)Wesawmanyhousessmallerthanusualonbothsidesoftheriver.

[注2]比较级前可加一些增强语气的词，如：much,even,still,alittle(bit),slightly,far,any,no,alot等。

Myroomisalittle(bit)smallerthanhers.Eighteenismuchlessthaneighty.

[注3]如果表示"因…而更…"可用句型the+比较级+for(或because,as等词)，

如：Ilikehimallthebetterforhisfaults.Idonotlikehimthelessbecausehehasfaults.

Heisnonethehappierforhiswealth.Agoodtaleisnonetheworseforbeingtwicetold.

句型［主语+谓语+notso/notas+形容词原级/副词+as+被比对象］

1.Tomisnotsotallashisbrother.(Tomislesstallthanhisbrother.)

2.Mr.Greenisnotsooldashelooks.3.Itisntascoldasitwasyesterday.

4.JohndoesntworksohardasHenry.

5.Dawneyansweredslowly:"Neversohappyaswhenmyhandsarefull.

句型［主语+谓语+以or结尾的形容词比较级+to+被比对象］

1.Hisstrengthissuperiorto(=greaterthan)mine.2.Myknowledgeisinferiorto(=lessthan)his.

3.Isyourfatherseniortomine?Myfatherisjuniortoyours.

4.HisarrivalinNewYorkisposteriortothatofmyfriend.

5.Coloredpeoplearebynomeansinferiortowhitepeople.

句型［被比对象(第一分句暗示某种程度)+主体(第二分句含比较级)］

1.Icaughtthelastbusfromtown;butHarrycamehomeevenlater.(HecamehomelaterthanI.)

2.TheLongMarchisgreat,buttheNewLongMarchwillbegreater,andmorearduous.

3.Dearasarefatherandmother,themotherlandisstilldearer.

4.Oneofmysuitcasesissmall,andtheotheroneismedium.

句型［主语+谓语+absolutesuperiorityover+被比对象］

［主语+谓语+above/nextto+被比对象］［主语+cantcomparewith+被比对象］

1.Thesocialistsystemhasdemonstratedabsolutesuperiorityoverthecapitalistone.

2.Thepriceofwisdomisaboverubies.3.Welovetruthaboveeverythingelse.

4.Aslongasmenlive,waterwillcontinuetobewhatitistoday-nextinimportancetooxygen.

5.NexttotheYangtze,theYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinourcountry.

6.Itisworthnexttonothing.7.HowcouldNapoleoncomparewithLenin?

8.Thesituationoftheenemycannotcomparewithours.

[附注]关于等差句有以下几点需要注意：

1)句型16"nottospeakof"等词组也可用以表示差比,如:Evenaworm,whentroddenon,willturn,nottospeakofamanoutraged.

2)former,latter,elder等形容词,词尾虽然是比较级形式,但它们永远不用于比较句中,也不能跟than,如：Hewillcomehereinthelatterpartofyear.

3)等差既可以指出相差的数目,(用by+数词表示)也可以指出相差的范围,如:of+名词,withregardto,inpointof,withrespectto,withreferenceto,withrelationto,inthesphereof,inthefieldof等等。例句:Sheisthemorepatientofthetwo.Inpointofcommerce,ShanghaiismoreprosperousthanNanjing.Withreferencetoterritory,ChinaislargerthanAmerica.

4)有些语句的词序变动较大阅读和翻译时要弄清其结构。如：Easiersaidthandone.(=Itiseasiertobesaidthantobedone.)Inscience,morethaninanyotherhumaninstitution,itisnecessarytosearchoutthepastinordertounderstandthepresentandtocontrolthefuture.(=Itismorenecessaryinsciencethaninanyotherhumaninstitutiontosearchout…)

有时一个词的原级和比较级在一同结构的句中会产生不同的意义，如：Ifhewastenyearsold,hewouldunderstandit.≠Ifhewastenyearsolder,hewouldunderstandit.

5)要注意避免不合理的比较。如：（误）Thefaceofhisfatherlooksolderthanhisuncle.

（正）Thefaceofhisfatherlooksolderthanthatofhisuncle.Hisfathersfacelooksolderthanhisuncles.

极比句

句型［…the形容词最高级/副词最高级+(名词)+范围词…］

1.ThisistheeasiestbookIveeverread.2.Mrs.Thomsonworkshardestofall.

3.Dictionariesarelikewatches;theworstisbetterthannone,andthebestcannotbeexpectedtogoquitetrue.4.ItisourgreatesthappinesstodedicateouryouthtotheNewLongMarch.

5.Theleastmeansshallbeusedtoachievethegreatestend.6.Whichoftheboysstudiesbest?

句型［…themost/least形容词原级/副词+(名词)+范围词…］

1.Sheisthemostactivegirlinourclass.2.Youretheonewhowritesthemostcorrectly.

3."Howisyourwatch?"-"Mywatchgoesthemostaccurately."

4.Themostshort-sightedmancouldseethatataglance,withhisnakedeyes,"saidMartin.

5.Lightwavestravelmostquicklythroughair,theygomuchslowerthroughwaterandevenslowerthroughglass.

[注1]"bestofall"表示肯定的最;"leastofall"表示否定的最，如：Ilikeswimmingbestofall.

Ilikethatleastofall.Theleast用作最高级时，往往被其后面的形容词的反义词的最高级所取代。如:Thisisthemostdifficult(不用theleasteasy)bookIveeverread.Thisisthemostuninteresting(很少用theleastinteresting)bookofthethree.

[注2]两个概念的表示法：1)若干个最大中的一个可用"oneof+最高级"表示,如:"Whatabouthorse-racing?"-"IshouldsaythatthatisoneofthemostpopularsportsinGreatBritain."

2)"第2,3,4…大"可用"the序数词+最高级"表示,如：Myhometownisthesecondlargestcityinourprovince.

[注3]most前，如果没有the,则不是表示比较，而表示"很","非常",如:Thepresentworldsituationismostfavorableforthepeople.Themeetingproceededinamostfriendlyatmosphere.

句型［…否定词…+比较级…］

1.Ineversawaprettiersight.2.Nootherbookhashadagreaterinfluenceonmylife.

3.Iwillsaythis,thatthebestshotinexistencecouldnothavedoneitmorebeautifully

4."Howaboutagameofbridge?"-"Icantthinkofabetteridea."

5.Whenyoucometothinkofit,thereisnothingintheworldmorepotent-andmoreimpotent-thanwords

[注]从反面表达最高比较级的方式很多，甚至可以不用比较级的词语，如：

Nothingancientormodernseemstocomenearit.(comenear与…相比)

Inpointofstrength,heissecondtonone.(secondtonone独一无二)

Nooneistobecomparedwithhimforresourcefulness.Hehasnoequalinplayingping-pongball.

句型［…否定词语…+so+形容词/副词+as+被比对象］

1.NocountrysufferedsomuchasEngland.2.NowarissogreatastheEuropeanwar.

3.ThereisnothingIlikesomuchasplayingfootball.4.Nothingissoeasyasthis.

5.Noneissoblindasthosethatwontsee.

[注]极比句中表示范围的词语，除了用差比句附注第三列出的词以外，还有以下几种。

1)用that引出的从句表示范围:Thatisthemostimportantdiscovery(that)evermadebyman.

2)用in引出的短语表示范围:Thisisthebusieststreetinthecity.

3)用of引出的短语表示范围:OfallthewritersofthetimeLuShunenjoyedthegreatestpopularityamongthepeople.

4)用其他介词短语表示:Mr.Zhuisthestrictestamongtheteachersofourschool.Itisthefinestthingunderthesun.

5)用条件句表示范围:"IfthereisonethingIdonotlike,itisacryingchild…"

"Ifthereisascoundreluponearth,thatscoundrelsnameisHEEP."

比例句

句型［(从句)The+形容词比较级/副词比较级…,(主句)the+形容词比较级/副词比较级…］(第1个the是关系副词，有"byhowmuch"之意，第2个the是指示副词，有"bysomuch"之意。)

1.Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.

2.Thesoonerwebeginourwork,thesoonerweshallfinishit.

3.Themoreamanknows,themorehediscovershisignorance.

4."Howlongishegoingtostaythere?"-"Idontknowexactly,but…thelongerhestaysthebetter."

5.ThemoreIthinkofit,thehappierIam.

[注1]当比较级作表语而又不处于句首时,可以不用the相关联。如：Whenweencountermoredifficulties,weshouldbemorespirited;whenwearemoreatdanger,weshouldbemorecourageous.

[注2]注意本句型可省略的成分较多,常见于谚语、俗语中如：Thesooner,thebetter.

=thesooneryoudoitthebetteritwillbe.=Byhowmuchsooneryoudoit,bysomuchbetteritwillbe.

=Inwhateverdegreesooneryoudoit,inthatdegreebetteritwillbe.Themore,themerrier.Themore,thebetter.

[注3]还有一些带比较级的词组，也含有比例发展的意味；但这些词组多用于表示同一事物的发展程度，一般不带被比对象。1)"…ever+比较级+(and+比较级)…"如：Thestorygetsevermoreexciting.

Ourcountryisgrowingeverricherandstronger.

2)"…+比较级+and+比较级…"如：…hispoorcheekhasturnedeverthinnerandpaler.

3)"…the+比较级…"这大多是一种习惯用语。如：Somuchtheworse.achangefortheworseallthemore=moreandmore

择比句

句型［Better+(主语)形容词或副词/名词/(to)动词原形…+than+被比对象］

1.Betterlatethannever.2.Bettertodowellthantosaywell.

3.Bettertolightonecandlethantocursethedarkness.

4.Bettersaynothingthannothingtothepurpose.

5.Betterdiestandingthanlivekneeling.(=itisbettertodiestandingthantolivekneeling.)

[注]注意本句型可省略被比对象,如：Betterbewiththedead.Betterletthefurnacecoolabit.

句型［主语+had(would)rather+动词原形…+than+动词原形…］

［主语+谓语+ratherthan+动词原形…］

1.Iwould(或had)ratherjoinyouinresearchworkthangoonholidaytotheseaside.

2.Theywouldratherdieasfreementhanliveasslaves.

3."Iwouldratherdiewithmyheadhigh,withindestructiblefaithandprofoundbeliefinthedestinyofourcountry,thanliveinhumilityandrenouncetheprincipleswhicharesacredtome."

4.Oliverfellonhisknees,claspinghishandstogether,andbeggedthemtokillhimiftheypleasedratherthansendhimawaywiththatdreadfulman.5.Heinsistedonstayingratherthango

句型［主语+prefer+名词或动名词A+to+名词或动名词B…］

［主语+prefer+不定式A+ratherthan+不定式B…］

1.IpreferredtheseruinstoKatespointedyellowboots.2.Heprefersdoingtotalking.

3.Therevolutionariespreferreddeathtodishonor.4.Iprefertoworkratherthan(to)sitidle.

5.Hepreferstowritehislettersratherthandictateothers.

[注1]注意本句型的两式不可混用。不可说"Ipreferdoingthisratherthanthat."只能说"Ipreferdoingthisto(doing)that.或Iprefertodothisratherthandothat.

[注2]prefer的派生词preferable,preference也都可用以表示择比。有以下方式：

1)"名词A+be+preferableto+名词B"如：Thisispreferabletothat.

2)"…名词A+in+preferenceto+名词B"如：Afterthenounreason,usethatinpreferencetobecause.

3)"…preferencefor+名词A+to+名词B"如：IhaveapreferenceforChinesetoforeignnovels.

句型［主语+wouldsooner+动词原形…than+动词原形…］

［Soonerthan+动词原形…(主句)主语+would+动词原形…］

1.Iwouldsoonerdiethandosuchathing.

2.Mr.Miltonwouldsoonerresignthantakepartinsuchdishonestbusinessdeals.

3.Soonerthandosuchwork,Iwouldstarve.

4.Soonerthanmarrythatman,Evawouldearnherlivingasawaitress.

句型［主语+would(had)…assoon/aslief+…as+被弃对象］

1.Ihadassoonyoubrokehisneckashisfinger.

2.Iwould(just)assoonstayathomeasgoforawalk.

3.Hewouldassoonkillhimselfasbetrayhiscountry.

4.Iwouldaslief(assoon)dieasliveindishonor.

5.Iwould(had)asliefjointheEighthRouteArmyasanything.

句型［主语+…choose+名词A+before+名词B］［主语+before+从句］

1.Aheroshouldchoosedeathbeforedishonor.2.Hechosethisbeforeallothers.

3.IamwillingtoworkmyselftodeathbeforeIgiveup.4.Iwoulddoanythingbeforethat.

5.Wewouldsoonerdiefightingfirstbeforeweallowthistohappentous.

[注]其他如first,leave…for或两个独立分句等也可表示择比，如：Hesaidhewouldresignfirst.

Heleftthebarforthepen.Ilikegeography,butIpreferhistory.

对比句

句型［（第一并列分句）+while/whereas+（第二并列分句）］

1.Theenemyrotswitheverypassingday,whileforusthingsaregettingbetterdaily.

2.Thestrengthofthecollectiveisboundless,whilethatoftheindividualisverylimited.

3.Wisemenlovetruth,whereasfoolsshunit.

4.Youcanalsoseethatthereisagrandpiano,whereasoursisanupright.

句型［（第一并列分句）+butonthecontrary+（第二并列分句）］

1.Ihavenotnearlydone.Onthecontrary,Ihaveonlyjustbegun.

2.Idonotadmirethatman,butonthecontrary,Ihaveagreatcontemptforhim.

3.Youthinkmeidle,butonthecontrary,Iamverybusy.

4.Wearebecomingstrongerandstrongeraswefightand,onthecontrary,ourenemyisgettingmoreexhaustedasthewardragson.

[注1]与本句型相似的词组还有：1)"Contraryto+名词"如：Contrarytowhatwehadexpected,hedidntcome.

2)"Incontrastto+名词"如：Incontrastto(或with)capitalism,thereisnothinginthesocialisteconomicsystemtocausewar.3)"Inoppositionto+名词"如：Inoppositiontomywishes,youdidntstudyhard.

[注2]与本句型意义相反的是"如同…一样",参考下面句式：

"Justas+从句","Justlike+从句":JustasKarlMarxdid,heregardedaforeignlanguageasaweaponinthestruggleoflife.=JustlikeKarlMarx,heregardedaforeignlanguageasaweaponinthestruggleoflife.

句型［If+从句,(then)+主句］

1.Ifagovernmentusesfascisticmethodstosuppressothers,itisonlyonestepremovedfromusingthesamemethodsagainstitsownpeople.

2.Ifthedesertcanbecalledthesea,thenthecamelsaretheshipsinit.

3.Ifinthecapitalistworldtheworkingpeopletoilonlyinordernottodieofhunger,theninourcountrycreativelaborisconsideredasathinggloriousandheroic.

4.Ifthisshouldbetrue,(then)thatwillbewrong.

[注]表示对比意义的方式是比较多的，这里主要指出两种。1)利用句子成分相同或相似的平行结构来表示，如：

Wethat(that是古旧用法)aresunderedinsorrowmaymeetagaininjoy.

Booksarethebestofthingsifwellused;ifabused,amongtheworst.

2)"As…so…"也可以表示对比意义，如：Asthebeeslovesweetness,sodothefliesloverottenness.

It既是代词又是引词。作代词时，它可作人称代词、指示代词、非人称代词，用于前指、非确指或习语中。作引词时，它本身无实义，只起先行引导的作用。

可作形式主语（itis+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.）或形式宾语（it+adj.+todosth.），真实地主语或宾语是不定式、动名词或名词从句，它们则放在后面。It也用于强调句结构。

如想强调某个词或部分，可用itis(was)+强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+that(who)…的强调结构。本章要求了解代词it和引词it的各种用法，重点掌握it用于前指或后指；引词it用于强调结构。

bebusy/enjoy/hate/goon/finishdoingsth.忙于/喜欢/讨厌/继续/完成做某事

在enjoy,finish,hate,goon,bebusy等词语后，一般用动词-ing形式作宾语。例如：

LinTaoisbusymakingamodelplane.

林涛正忙着做飞机模型。

Mymotherenjoystakingawalkaftersupper.

我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步。

IhatewatchingChannelFive.

我讨厌看五频道。

Whensomeoneaskedhimtohavearest,hejustwentonworking.

当有人让他休息一会儿时，他仍继续工作。

Ihavefinishedwritingthestory.

我已经写完了故事。

俗话说：“熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟。”在英语中同样适用，背熟点睛50句，高考作文不高分也难。话不多说，开始。

操作方法

According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However， this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents， who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和****.

Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem： the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact， it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills， which may put the in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得工作或提升的机会。

The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

Now，it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

This is a matter of life and death——a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

For my part，I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons：

我同意后者，有如下理由：

Before giving my opinion，I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

Although many people claim that，along with the rapidly economic development，the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡，

然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

In view of such serious situation，environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle，it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

From what has been discussed above，we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

双重否定句

句型19［主语+否定式谓语…+否定词/含否定意义的词+其他］

1.Hedoesntlendhisbooktonobody.2.Youcantmakesomethingoutofnothing.

3.Illtakeitthen.Notfornothing.Illgiveyousomethinginreturn.

4.Icouldnotdisobeyhim.Onlyonethingremainedforme:tosufferandobey.

5.Hewasneverdissatisfiedwithmywork.6.Whatsdonecannotbeundone.

7.Thiscaptaintookafancytomyconversation,whichwasnotatalldisagreeableatthattime.

[注]如果要用否定代词作主语，谓语要用肯定式。

Nothingischangeless.Nothingiswithouthisfaults.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.

［主语+否定式谓语…+without+名词…/动名词］

句型20［(Therebe)+no+主语+词组或从句+without+名词…/动名词］

［It(或名词)is+否定词语+不定式+without+名词…/动名词］

1.Wecanlivewithoutfoodorwaterforsomedays,butwithoutairwecannotliveevenafewminutes.

2.AtthebeginningoflearningEnglishhecouldnotspeakitwithoutmakingmistakes.

3.Thereisnorighttospeakwithoutinvestigation.4.Nogainswithoutpains.

5.(Thereis)Nosweetwithout(some)sweat.

6.Withoutrevolutionarytheorytherecanbenorevolutionarymovement.

7.Withoutknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyitisimpossibletobuildsocialism.

8.Itisimpossibleforyourteamtowinwithoutconstanttraining.

[注1]由第二式的省略"no…without…"进一步紧缩的结果，便产生"no…no…"简略式，主要用于谚语格言。例如：Nopains,nogains.Nolaw,noliberty.Noinvestigation,norighttospeak.Nothingventure,nothinghave.（nothing是no的派生词）

[注2]"notwithout…"表示"不无…"、"不是没有…"的意思，是一种委婉的说法。

例如：Notwithoutreason/notwithoutsomedoubtIhavebroughtbackyourman-notwithoutriskanddanger.

句型21［主语+cannot+help/refrainfrom/keepfrom+动名词…］

1.ThoughLaurencehadpromisedKeithnottoseeWanda,hecouldnothelpgoingtoher.

2.He(Shylock)couldnothelpshowinghispleasure.3.IcanthelpadmiringitwheneverIlookatit.

4.Icouldnotrefrainfromretortingtohearsuchalie.5.Icannotkeepfromlaughingtohearsuchastory.

句型22［主语+cannot+but/choosebut/helpbut+动词原形…］

1."Youcannotbutfeelalreadythatitisuselessstayinghere…youwillhavetogofarther."

2.Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.3.Wecannot(choose)butreadbookstoincreaseourknowledge.

4.Theycannotbutadmitthatincertainaspectsofscienceandtechnologyweareawayaheadofthem.

句型23［主句（否定结构）+从句（否定结构）］

1.Nothingwasusefulwhichwasnothonest.2.Nothingcanbewhollybeautifulthatisnotuseful.

3.Ihavenevercommittedoneactthatwasnotintheinterestsofmypeople.

4.Bassanio,inhisgrief,repliedthattherewasnothinghewouldnotsacrifice.

句型24［(Therebe)No+主语+but+谓语+其他］

1.Thereisnomanbuthashisfaults.2.(Thereis)Nobodybuthashisfaults.3.Noonebutcandoit.

4.Thereisnorulebuthasexceptions.5.Thereisnobodybutknowsthismatter.

句型25［第一分句（否定式谓语）+but+第二分句（肯定式谓语）］

1.Itneverrainsbutitpours.(=Itneverrainswithoutpouring.)

2.IneverseeyoubutIthinkofmybrother.3.Theynevermeetbuttheydiscussthisproblem.

4.Shenevercomesbutshebringssomethingforthechildren.

[注]汉语中的双重否定句译成英语时不一定用双重否定句。"知无不言，言无不尽。"--Sayallyouknowandsayitwithoutreserve."这样的人是没有不摔跤的。"--Suchpeopleareboundtotripandfall.

排除否定句

句型26［主语+谓语+beyond/beyondthefactthat…］

1.Hedidnothingbeyondwritingoneletter.

2.Hedidnotreallyknowwhathewasgoingtosay,beyondthatthesituationdemandedsomethingromantic.

3.OfOliverEdwards,nothing,Ibelieve,isknownbeyondthefactthathehadbeenatPembrokeCollegewithJohnson.

句型27［主语+谓语+but/butthat/barring…］

1.NooneknowsitbutyouandI.2.Hedidnothingbutwaitfortheresult.

3.Ihavenosecretofsuccessbuthardwork.

4.Icouldntseebutthatthesoldierswouldfightanddieforthesakeoftheircountry.

5.Whobuthewoulddosuchathing?

6.ThemeetingwillbeheldnextTuesdaybarringunforeseenfactors.

句型28［主语+谓语+except/exceptthat/exceptfor/excepting/…］

1.Everyoneisreadyexceptyou.

2.Nomaneverbecamegreatorgoodexceptthroughmanyandgreatmistakes.

3.Exceptalivingmanthereisnothingmorewonderfulthanabook.

4.Welaytherealongtimeinsilence,exceptthatWebbgroanedeverynowandthen.

5.Sheisabsolutelyaloneexceptforherson.

6.Allthesplendidfurnitureofhislateresidencehadbeensold,exceptinghiswifesharp.

句型29［主语+谓语+apartfrom/asidefrom/exclusiveof/withtheexclusionof…］

1.Apartfromthequestionofexpense,itistoolate.2.Asidefromthisstatement,herefusedtotalk.

3.Thebuildingwillcostabout2,500,000Yuan,exclusiveofthemachineryequipment.

4.TheCanalsysteminChinaisthemostextensiveintheworldwiththeexclusionofNetherland.

句型30［主语+谓语+save/savethat/savefor/saving/savingthat…］

1.Idoentreatyou,notamandeparts,saveIalone,tillantonymhasspoken.

2.Inthislifewegetnothingsavebyeffort.

3.Atthishourthegreattunnelwasquietsavewhenatrainroaredabove.

4.Allislostsavehonor.5.Savinghiseyesight,hewasaswellasever.

6.Thebarwasemptysaveforthelandlord.

7.SavingthathefailedinLatin,hedidwell.

句型31［主语+谓语+onlythat/otherthan…］

1.Ihavenothingagainsthim,onlythatIdislikehismanner.

2."IsanythingthematterwithMadeline?"-"No,papa,onlyIhavegotaheadache."

3.Itwasfortifiedonallsidesotherthanthis.

4.Youwillgenerallysufferforwishingtoappearotherthanwhatyouare;whetheritbegreater,ormorelearned.

[注1]besides和apartfrom兼有"除外"和"包括"的意思。Icarefornothingbesides(apartfrom)this.(多用于否定句)

Apartfrom(Besides)English,heisalsowellversedinRussian.(多用于带有also等副词的肯定句)

[注2]inadditionto有"包括"的意思,如:InadditiontoJohnsbeingblamedforthis,hewasblamedalsoforbreakingthewindow.

加强否定句

句型32［主语+强调词语+否定词+谓语动词+其他］

1.Hurlinginsultsandthreatsiscertainlynotfighting.2.Itsimplywillnotdo!

3.Wemustnotbecomecomplacentoveranysuccess.

4.Weabsolutelymustnotrelaxourwill.5.Thenatureofwolveswillneverchange.

6.WithouttheCommunistPartyIshouldassuredlynotbewhatIamtoday.

句型33［主语+be+thelast+名词+不定式…/从句］

1.ForitwasOliver,hiscruelbrother-thelastpersonOrlandowouldhaveexpectedtofindthere.

2.Heisthelastpersontodosuchathing.3.ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtohavemetyou.

4.Breachofpromiseisthelastthingthatheislikelytocommit.

句型34［主语+谓语肯定式+含否定词语的成语+其他］［主语+谓语否定式+含不定词语的成语+其他］

1.AtnotimeandundernocircumstanceswillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.

2.Youngpeopleshouldonnoaccount(=shouldnotonanyaccount)neglecttheirdailyphysicalexercise.

3.Wehaveideals,butwearebynomeansvisionaries.4.Hewillinnowisegiveupstudy.

[注]其他加强否定的方式：1.[…beanythingbut…](决不是)Heisanythingbutascholar.

2.[(Thereis)no+V-ing](决不可)Thereisnodenyingthefact.=Itisabsolutelyimpermissibletodenythefact.因此语意比下句强，"Itisimpossibletodenythefact."

句型35［主语+否定式谓语+微量词+名词+其他］

1.Wemustneverforamomentdivorceourselvesfromthemasses.

2.Themotherdidnothaveawinkofsleepthewholenightonaccountofthechildshighfever.

3.Hedidnotbreatheasinglewordaboutit.

4.ThoughIhavewalkedtwentymiles,Iamnotabittired.

5.Thelittleboyisdofullofenergythatherefusedtostayputforanylengthoftime.

[注]表示微量词的词组中以intheleast为最常见，不少的微量词可用它代替。如：

Iamnotintheleasttired.Iwasnotsurprisedintheleast.Thatboywasnotintheleastafraidofthesnake.

句型36［...否定词+名词+大范围词语...］

1.Therewillbenodifficultyintheworldwhichtheycannotovercome.

2.Thedoctorwaswritingabook,butitwentonsoslowlythatitwouldnotbefinishedwithinathousandyears.

3."Dontyoudance?"-"Imtheworldsworstdancer."

4.Hewasnotatallconfused.5.Itisofnovalueatall.

6.Thisisahistoricaltrendnoforceonearthcanholdback.

[附注1]与汉语中的否定式相对应的英语不一定要用否定式。如："很不好"，不能译成英语的"verynotgood",应换一种说法，"Thisisverybad.","Itisnotgoodatall."汉语"这事我一点也不知道"可译作"Iamquiteinthedarkaboutthematter."或"AboutthisIknewnothing."汉语"我很不喜欢喝酒。"可译作为"Idislikewineverymuch."或"Iamnotabitinterestedinwine./Idontlikewineatall./Iamthelastpersontolikewine.

其次要注意分析。汉语"一窍不通"，是缩小否定数量的说法，最好译成"beutterlyignorant"或"notknowtheABCof…/knownothingof…又如"世界上一切事物无不具有两重性"，这里有几个强调的词语："世界上"，"一切事物"，"无不"。"一切事物"不能用all/allthings,因此只能用缩小量的说法。"Thereisnotasinglethingintheworldwithoutadualnature."

[附注2]一般说来，只要需要，所有的肯定句都可以改为否定句，但一定要依照前面所介绍的各种句型的要求。此外，还应考虑以下几点：

1)逻辑上说不过去的不能改为否定句。WhereisMary?不能改为whereisntMary?

2)句型要求不能用否定式的。Howhard-workingheis!不能改为howhard-workingheisnt!

3)除句型28中列举的一些强调词语有分工外，以下词语只用于肯定句，否定句应采用括号中相对应的异根同义词。Some(not…any);too(not…either);so(neither,nomore);alongway(not…far);alotof/plentyof/agreatdealof/agooddealof…(not…muchof);as…as(notso…as);alreadystill(notyet/notanymore/nomore/nolonger…)

1.Ihavegotsome.→Ihaventgotany.2.Iseeagreatdealofhim.→Ididntseemuchofhim.

3.Wewentalongway.→Wedidntgofar.4.Iwilldosostill.→Illnotdosoanymore.

4)注意may,must,need,can(could)在肯定句与否定句中的含义变化，对应关系也会出现交错现象。

A.表示许可用may(口语中常用can);表示禁止通常用mustnot,有时也用maynot语气较委婉。

"May(Can)Ismokehere?"-"Yes,youmay(can)."或"No,youmustnot."或"Youmaynotsmokehere."

B.表示责任、义务或必要时用must,否定式只能用neednot

"Mustwehandinourhomeworktoday?"-"Yes,youmust.No,youneednt."

C.表示推测指"可能"时，用must;指"不可能"，"不一定"时用cannot/couldnot,有时也用maynot,口气较委婉，意为"也许不"。Thatmustbeamistake.No,itcannotbeamistake.Itmustnotbeamistake

D.表示推测也常用may，指"可能"；否定式同上。Hemayberight/Hecannotberight.Hemaynotberight.

英语作为考试中非常重要的科目，一直是学生学习的重点，那么英语的句型是什么呢？今天，让我们来看看。

英语句型有哪些？

一、主语-动词-表语

在这种句型中，动词是系动词，划线部分是表语.

二、主语-动词

在这种句型中，动词不如物动词和物动词.在一些句子中，不如物动词，可以用状语修饰.

三、主语-动词-宾语

在这种句型中，动词是物动词，划线部分是宾语.

4、在这种句型中，动词可以称为双宾语动词。在英语中，这样的动词并不多。当你学习时，你应该记住.后面的宾语是间接宾语和直接宾语，其中间接宾语在前，一般表人，直接宾语在后，一般表物.这种句型有三种情况.

在第一种情况下，间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语.

在第二种情况下，间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语.

在第三种情况下，宾语从句可以作为直接宾语.

5、主语-动词-宾语-宾语补足语

在这种句型中，动词被称为复合宾语动词，在英语中，这样的动词并不多.后面的宾语补足语说明了宾语的情况，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称为复合宾语.这种句型是英语中比较复杂的句型，因为复合宾语的内容比较多.下面句子的划线部分是宾语补足语.

五种基本句型结构

一、句型1：Subject(主语) Verb(谓语)

这种句型中的动词大多不如物动词。所谓不如物动词，就是这个动词之后不能直接接宾语。常见动词如:work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive,come,die,disappear,cry,happen等。

二、句型2：Subject(主语) Link.V(系动词) Predicate(表语)

这种句型主要用于表达主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为以下两类：

(1)表示状态。这样的词有:be,look,seem,smell,taste,sound,keep等。

(2)表示变化。这类动词有：become,turn,get,grow,go等。

三、句型3：Subject(主语) Verb(谓语) Object(宾语)

这种句型中的动词一般是及物动词，所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接宾语，通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等组成。

四、句型4：Subject(主语) Verb(谓语) Indirectobject(间接宾语) Directobject(直接宾语)

在这种句型中，直接宾语是主要宾语，表示动作是为谁做的或为谁做的，这在句子中是必不可少的，通常由表示事物的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称为第二宾语。删除后，对整个句子影响不大，主要由指人的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy,pass,lend,give,tell,teach,show,bring,send等。

五、句型5：Subject(主语) Verb(动词) Object(宾语) Complement(补语)

这种句型中的宾语 补充语言统称为复合宾语。宾语补充语言的主要作用是补充和解释宾语的特点和身份；或者说让宾语完成的动作。补充语言通常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。

一、themost+形容词+名词+(that)+主词+haveever+seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)

HelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen。

海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

二、Nothingis+erthanto+V

Nothingis+more+形容词+thanto+V

例句：Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation。

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

三、cannotemphasizetheimportanceof~~~toomuch

(再怎么强调.。。的重要性也不为过。)

例句：Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch。

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

四、Thereisnodenyingthat+S+V.。。(不可否认的……)

例句：Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse。

不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

五、Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子~~(全世界都知道……)

例句：Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous。

全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

六、Thereisnodoubtthat+句子~~(毫无疑问的……)

例句：Thereisnodoubtthatoureducationalsystemleavessomethingtobedesired。

毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

七、Anadvantageofisthat+句子(……的优点是……)

例句：Anadvantageofusingthesolarenergyisthatitwontcreate

(produce)anypollution。

使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

八、Thereasonwhy+句子isthat+句子(……的原因是……)

例句：Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycanprovide

uswithfreshair。

我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

九、So+形容词+be+主词+that+句子(如此……以致于……)

例句：Sopreciousistimethatwecantaffordtowasteit。

时间是如此珍贵，它经不起我们浪费。

十、Adj+as+Subject(主词)+be,S+V(虽然……)

例句：Richasourcountryis,thequalitiesofourlivingarebyno

meanssatisfactory。

{bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount一点也不}

虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

十一、The+~er+S+V,~~~the+~er+S+V

The+more+Adj+S+V,~~~the+more+Adj+S+V

(愈……愈……)

例句：Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyoumake。

你愈努力，你愈进步。

十二、By+Ving,can(借着……，……能够……)

例句：Bytakingexercise,wecanalwaysstayhealthy。

借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。

十三、enable+Object(受词)+to+V(……使……能够……)

例句：Listeningtomusicenablesustofeelrelaxed。

听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

十四、Onnoaccountcanwe+V~~~(我们绝对不能……)

例句：Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge。

我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

十五、Itistime+S+过去式(该是……的时候了)

例句：Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolve

thetrafficproblems。

该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

十六、Thosewho~~~(……的人……)

例句：Thosewhobreakthelawshouldbepunished。

违法的人应该受处罚。

十七、Thereisnoonebut~~~(没有人不……)

例句：Thereisnoonebutlongstogotocollege。

没有人不渴望上大学。

十八、be+forced/compelled/obliged+to+V(不得不……)

例句：Sincetheexaminationisaroundthecorner,Iamcompelledto

giveupdoingsports。

由于考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。

十九、Itisconceivablethat+句子(可想而知的)

Itisobviousthat+句子(明显的)

Itisapparentthat+句子(显然的)

例句：Itisconceivablethatknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinour

life。

可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

二十、Thatisthereasonwhy~~~(那就是……的原因)

例句：Summerishot.ThatisthereasonwhyIdontlikeit。

夏天很炎热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

二十一、Forthepast+时间，S+现在完成式。(过去……年来，……一直……)

例句：Forthepasttwoyears,Ihavebeenbusypreparingforthe

examination。

过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。

二十二、Since+S+过去式，S+现在完成式

例句：Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool,hehasworkedveryhard。

自从他上高中，他一直很用功。

二十三、Itpaysto+V(……是值得的。)

例句：Itpaystohelpothers。

帮助别人是值得的。

二十四、bebasedon(以……为基础)

例句：Theprogressofthesocietyisbasedonharmony。

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

二十五、Sparenoeffortto+V(不遗余力的)

Weshouldsparenoefforttobeautifyourenvironment。

我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

二十六、bringhometo+人+事(让……明白……事)

例句：Weshouldbringhometopeoplethevalueofworkinghard。

我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。

二十七、becloselyrelatedto(与……息息相关)

例句：Takingexerciseiscloselyrelatedtohealth。

做运动与健康息息相关。

二十八、Getintothehabitof+Ving=makeitaruleto+V(养成……的习惯)

例句：Weshouldgetintothehabitofpreviewingandreviewing。

我们应该养成预习和复习的习惯。

二十九、Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N/Ving,(因为……)

例句：Thankstohisencouragement,Ifinallyrealizedmydream。

因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。

三十、Whata+Adj+N+S+V!=How+Adj+a+N+V!(多么……!)

例句：Whatanimportantthingitistokeepourpromise!

Howimportantathingistokeepourpromise!

遵守诺言是多么重要的事!

三十一、Haveagreatinfluenceon~~(对……有很大的影响)

例句：Smokinghasagreatinfluenceonourhealth。

抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

三十二、dogoodto(对.。。有益)，doharmto(对……有害)

例句：Readingdoesgoodtoourmind。读书对心灵有益。

Overworkdoesharmtohealth。工作过度对健康有害。

三十三、Poseagreatthreatto(对……造成一大威胁)

例句：Pollutionposesagreatthreattoourexistence。

污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。

三十四、doonesutmostto+V=doonesbest(尽全力去……)

例句：Weshoulddoourutmosttoachieveourgoalinlife。

我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。

三十五、Amongvariouskindsof…，…=Ofallthe…，…在各种…之中?…

例句：Amongvariouskindsofsports,Ilikejogginginparticular。

在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。

三十六、Inmyopinion，…=Tomymind，…=AsfarasIamconcerned，…=Iamoftheopinionthat子句就我的看法…;我认为…

例句：Inmyopinion,playingcopmutergamesnotonlytakesmuchtimebutalsoisharmfultohealth。

就我的看法玩电脑游戏既花费时间也有害健康。

三十七、OfallthepeopleIknow，perhapsnondeservesmyrespectmorethan…在我认识的人当中也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬。

例句：OfallthepeopleIknow，perhapsnondeservesmyrespectmorethanMissWang,myEnglishteacher。

在我认识的人当中也许没有一个人比我的英文老师王老师更值得我尊敬。

三十八、据说…Itissaid(that)子句

一般认为…Itisthought(that)子句

大家都知道…Itisknown(that)子句

据报导…Itisreported(that)子句

一般预料…Itisexpected(that)子句

据估计…Itisestimated(that)子句

一般相信…Itisbelieved(that)子句

例句：ItsknownthatHangzhouisabeautifulcity。

众所周知杭州是座美丽的城市。

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过去完成时表示“过去的过去”发生的动作或存在的状态，因此其对比点是过去的动作或状态（大部分情况下以一般过去时did/was/were结构做比较）。为了同学们掌握方便，现就将其常见句型总结如下：

1．“Bytheendof+名词（短语），主语+haddone…”

例如：Bytheendoftheday,mostoftheinhabitantshadlefttheirhomes.（到这一天，大部分居民已离开他们的家园。）

2．“主句（haddone）,before+过去时间状语”

例如：Theyhadneverseensomanyofthelocustsbefore.（他们以前从未见过如此多的蝗虫）

Ihadreachedthestationbeforesixoclock.

（六点之前我已到达车站。）

3.“用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句，表示动作发生在这些动词之前。”

例如：ShesaidthatshehadneverbeentoParis.（她说她从未去过巴黎。）

4．“Bythetime+从句（did/was/were）,主语+haddone…”

例如：Bythetimewearrived,everyonehadreceivedmedicalcare.（我们到达时，每个人已接受了医疗护理。）

5．“主语+haddone…,before从句（did/was/were）”

例如：Fortunately,thepopulationhadleftthevillagebeforethevolcanoerupted.（幸运的是，火山喷发前人们已离开了村庄。）

6．“主语+haddone…,when从句（did/was/were）”

例如：TheyhadalreadyputthefireoutwhenIreturnedtothevillage.（当我返回村子时，人们已将大火扑灭。）

7．“主语+(did/was/were),after从句（haddone）”

例如：Theearthquakehappenedinthedaytimeafterpeoplehadalreadylefthomeforworkorschool.（地震发生在白天，当时人们已离开家去上班或上学。）

8．“用在Hardly(scarcely,barely)…when…,Nosooner…than…句型中”

例如：HardlyhadIgothomewhentherainpoureddown.（我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。）

Nosoonerhadhelefthomethanitbegantorain.（他一离开家天就下起雨来。）

9．“用在It/This/Thatwasthefirst…time+that从句（haddone）中”

例如：Itwasthethirdtimethathehadmadethesamemistake.（这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。）

10．“用在Itwas/hadbeen+一段时间+since从句（haddone）中”

例如：Itwastenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.（十年我们都没这麽高兴了。）

11．“hope,plan,mean,expect,intend,suppose,want,think等动词有时用过去完成时表示一个本来打算做而未做，曾经设想而未实现的事。”

例如：Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldnotgethereintime.(他们本想来帮忙，但未及时赶到。)

Ihadthoughtthathehaddiedatleasttwentyyearsago.(我原以为他至少死了十年。)

Ihadintendedtocomeovertoseeyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.(我原打算过来看你，但受阻未成。)

12．“用于表示与过去事实相反的if虚拟条件句中”

例如：Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhavetoldyouthetruth.(如果她昨天见过你，她已告诉你事实的真相。)

13．“用在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与过去事实相反。”

例如：Iwishedthathehadntmadesuchamistake.(我希望他从未犯过这样的错误。)

英语语法对很多人来说学习起来是有一定难度的，下面就来介绍一下英语语法中的倒装句型。

操作方法

一个完整的句子都有主语和谓语，一般语序是主语位于谓语之前，如果主语位于谓语之后那就是倒装语序，也就是将主语和谓语颠倒。

为了强调或者突出句子的某部分内容而颠倒了原有语序的句子就叫做倒装句，倒装之后句子的原有意思和句子成分不发生改变。

将谓语放在主语之前称为完全倒装，将助动词或者情态动词放在主语之前，谓语位置不变成为部分倒装，将句子中的否定词提前称为否定倒装。

还有一些特殊情况，比如only加副词或者only加介词短语、there be句型、neither或者nor，都属于部分倒装。

1.Therebe结构

a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。

eg.Therearetwentygirlsinourclass.have也解释为“有”但是与therebe有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.Ihaveanicewatch.

b.Therebe结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。

c.Thereisarivernearourschool.

否：Thereisnotarivernearourschool.

问：Istherearivernearourschool.

回答：Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.

划⑴Howmanyriversaretherenearourschool?

⑵What’snearourschool?

d.therebe结构的一般将来时，同学们较难掌握，其正确形式为：thereisgoingtobe

e.反意疑问句的构成：Thereisnowaterintheglass,isthere?

①Thereisgoingto_____afootballmatchthisafternoon.

A.haveB.watchC.beD.play

②Theyweresurethattheyweregoingto____arest.

A.beB.haveC.beonD.on

2.so,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so,neither引导的倒装句。

a.So+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。

eg.Mikehasboughtsomeforeignstamps.

SohasBob.=Bobhasboughtsome,too.

b.Neither+be(助动词，情态动词)＋主语，表示某人也不。

eg.MotherhasneverbeentoJapan.

NeitherhasFather.=FatherhasneverbeentoJapan,either.

c.So＋主语＋be(助动词，情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同),请同学们与a.区别。

eg.A:Mikeisrightintheclassroom.

B:Soheis.=Heisreallyintheclassroom.

3.It’s+时间+since动词过去式。自从...起已有...时间了。

⑴It’stwoweekssincewemetlast.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了)

⑵HowlongisitsinceweleftBeijing?(自从我们离开北京已有多久了

4.祈使句+and(那么)...

eg.Gostraightonandyou’llseeaschool.=Ifyougostraighton,you’llseeaschool.

5.祈使句+or...否则...

eg.Workhard,oryouwillfallbehindtheotherstudents.

=Ifyoudon’tworkhard,you’llfallbehindtheother.

6.The+比较级...，the+比较级...越...越...

eg.⑴Themore,thebetter.越多越好。

⑵Theharderyouworkonit,thebetteryou’llbeatit.(你越用功，你就越好。)

7.Howdoyoulikethefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?(你认为这部电影怎样？)

8.What...dowith...?怎样对付...?怎样处理...?

虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不可照字面翻译为how.

eg.A:Whathaveyoudonewiththelibrarybook?

B:I’vejustreturnedittothelibrary.

9.Idon’tknowwhattodo.我不知道该怎么办？

Idon’tknowhowtodo.×10.What...belike?...是什么样的？

eg.⑴What’stheweatherlike?天气如何？

⑵What’syourschoollike?你们学校是什么样的？

11.What...for?为何目的？为什么？

eg.Whatdoyouwantasciencelabfor?=Whydoyouwantasciencelab?

12.oneof+最高级＋复数最...之一

eg.MissZhaoisoneofthemostpopularteachers.

13.findit+形容词+todo

eg.IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell.(我发觉学好英语是很有用的)

find+宾语+名词eg.Ifindhimagoodboy.(我发现他是个好男孩.)

find+宾语+形容词eg.Ifindthedooropen/closed.(我发现门开/关着)

Ifindourbagsfilledwith/fullofpresents.(我发现我们的包装满了礼物)

14.Idon’tthink+肯定句我想...不

eg.Idon’tthinkI’lltakeit.(我想我不买它了)

请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。

15.preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanB更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.

eg.Ipreferfishtochicken.=Ilikefishbetterthanchicken

表示“据说”的三类被动句型

(1)Itissaidthat…句式

Itissaidthathonestyisthebestpolicy.人们说诚实是上策。

Itissaidthatthirteenisanunluckynumber.据说13是一个不吉利的数字。

Itissaidthatthosewhoeatthemostaretheleasthealthy.据说吃得最多的人身体最差。

注：其他类似结构还有：

It’ssupposedtobeverygood.据说它质量很好。

It’sexpectedthatthewarwouldendsoon.预计战争不久即可结束。

Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.据报道又有一颗卫星上天了。

(2)Thereissaidthat…句式

Thereissaidtobeplentyofoiloffourcoast.据信我们近海有大量石油。

注：其他类似表达还有：

Thereissupposedtobeatrainat9:30.九点半应有一班火车。

Thereareknowntobethousandsofdifferentspeciesofbeetles.据了解，有成千上万种不同的甲虫。

(3)sb/sthissaidthat…句式：其意为“据说”，

Mr.Brownissaidtohavediedoflivercancer.据说布朗先生死于肝癌。

注：其他类似表达还有：

Thestrikeisexpectedtoendsoon.估计罢工不久就可结束。

Heisbelievedtohavealreadygotoutofthecountry.据信他已离开这个国家。

一般疑问句

句型［特殊定式动词+主语+（not）谓语+其他］

1."Areyougoingwithus?"-"Yes,Im."

2."Haveyouhadanynewsofyourhorsethismorning?"-"Yes,hesfitasafiddle."

3."Doyoulikeyourhouse?"-"Oh,fearfully.Wontyoucomeandseeit?"

4.Canyounot(=cantyou)walkalittlefaster?

5.Oughtwenot(=Oughtntwe)togivehimachancetotry?

句型94［Do(does,did)+主语+（not）谓语+其他］

1.DoyouhappentoknowMr.Coopersaddress?2.Didyouhaveagoodtime?

3."DoesthisbustakemetoOxfordCircus?"-"Yes,geton,please."

[注]要注意对否定句的回答与汉语习惯不同，如：1.Didntyouspeaktohimyesterday?No,Ididnt.Yes,Idid.

2.ArentyouoftheHannationality?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.

反义疑问句

句型［陈述句（肯定），+特殊定式动词（否定）+主语］

1."YoustudyEnglish,dontyou?"-"Yes,wedo."

2."Theyhavedecidednottogo,haventthey?""Yes,theyhave."

3.Youlikeit,dontyou?4.Hesready,isnthe?

句型［陈述句（否定），+特殊定式动词（肯定）+主语］

1."Youwontbeawayforlong,willyou?"-"No,Illbebackinanhourorso."

2."…IthinkIllgointothegreenline.Youcouldntgivemeahelpinghand,couldyou,Mr.Snape?"

3."IdliketogotoCentralAustraliawithyou….youhaveneverbeenoutofEngland,haveyou?"

4."Hedoesntknowanythingaboutit,doeshe?"-"No,hedoesnt.

特指疑问句

句型［疑问词（主语）+系词+表语］/［疑问词（定语）+主语+行为动词+宾语］

1.Whoisthere?2.WhogivesyourEnglishlessons?3.Whatisinthebox?4.Whichismine?

5.Whosebookisonthedesk?6.Howmanystudentsworkintheworkshop?

7.Whatnewproductshavebeenturnedoutinthatfactory?

句型疑问词(表语/宾语/状语)+特殊定式动词+主语+行为动词…］

1.Whoishe?2.Whatishe?3.Whatishelike?4.Whatisitlike?5.Whatkindofmanishe?

6.Whatdayistoday?7.Whatsthedatetoday?8.Whattimeisitnow?9.Howdoyoudo?

10.Howareyougettingalong?(=howgoesitwithyou?=howislife?=howiseverythingwithyou?

11.Howisyourhealth?12.Howdoyoufeel?13.Whatsmatterwithyou?

14.Whereareyougoing?15.Wheredoyoucomefrom?16.Whereareyoufrom?

17.Whatsyournationality,please?18.Whatfamilyareyoufrom?

句型［疑问词+intheworld/onearth/thedevil/thedeuce/ever等强调词语+其他］

1."WhatthedeuceshallIwriteabout?"-Hethought.2.Whatintheworlddoyoumean?

3.Whoonearth(intheworld)toldyouthat?4.Whothedevilishe?

5.Whatthedeuceisthematter?6.Whatthedickensisit?7.Whoeverwantsthis?

选择疑问句

句型［一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句］

1.Shallwecometoseeyouorwillyoucometoseeus?

2.AreyoufromtheSouthorfromtheNorth?3.WillhegoonMondayoronTuesday?

4.Didyouspeaktothem,ordidthemanager?5.Wheresthebank?ShouldIgothiswayorthatway?

句型［特指疑问句，+AorB?］

1."Whatwouldyoulike,ChineseorEuropeanfood?"-"Idontmindonewayortheother."

2.Whichwouldyouratherhave-steakorfish?3.Whowillbeyourteacher,Mr.BrownorMr.Cooper?

4.Wheredidyouspendyourleave:inShanghaiorinHangzhou?

5.Whenwillhegothere,tomorroworsomeotherday?

间接疑问句

句型［适当的主语+疑问关联词+从句(正常语序)］

1.Idliketoknowhowoldyouare.2.Heinquiredhowitwasdone.

3."GuesshowoldIam."-"Idsayyoureabouttwenty-three."4.Iaskyouwhatyouwant.

5.PleaseadvisemewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.6.Tellmewhyitissoimportant.

句型［适当的主语+if/whether+从句(正常语序)］

1.Isometimesaskmyselfthequestionwhetheritwasworththeeffort.

2.Iaskyouwhetheritistrueornot.3.SheaskedifIhadslept.4.Tellmewhetheryoulikeit.

5.Hevisitedusnextdayandaskedifwehadgothomesafe.6.Sheinquiredifhelikedthepost.

双重疑问句

句型一般疑问句+疑问关联词+从句(正常语序)］

1.Canyoutellmewherehehasgone?2.Haveyouanyideawherehelives?

3.MayIaskyouthenwhatyouwouldadvisemetodo?4.Doyouknowwholiveshere?

5.Doyouknowwhenhewasborn?

句型［疑问词+doyouthink/didyousay/canyouguess/doyousuppose+其他（正常语序)］

1.Whatwillbetheresult,doyouthink?

2."Howoldwereyouthen,Clyde,didyousay?""Betweenseventeenandeighteen."

3.Whendoyouthinkthemeetingwillbeheld?

4.Howmanybooks,canyouguess,didhebuytheotherday?

5.Whatdoyousupposeheshangingaroundhere?

修辞疑问句

句型［陈述句（肯定）+反问句（肯定）］

1.Wereoldfriends,notstrangers,right?2.Soyouvebeenabroad,haveyou?

3.Shesasweetlittlegirl,isshe?

4.Thelandreformhasjustreachedthestageofdecidingeveryonesclassstatus,soyoucomesuckingaround,doyou?

句型［疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他］

1.WhoshouldIseebutmyownbrother?2.Whoshouldtherebe?

3.Whyshouldthedoorbelocked?4.Who/WhomshouldIseeinthecourtyardbutMr.Smith?

5. "WhereisJane?"-"HowshouldIknow?"6.Whyshouldhebeangrywithme?

句型［Oh,/So+陈述句+反问句］

1.Oh,hesherenow,ishe?2.Oh,youtoldhimallaboutit,didyou?

3.Soyouvetheluggagetakentothestation,haveyou?

4.Soyouregoingabroad,areyou?

回响疑问句

句型［A:陈述句+B:疑问句（重复A句中的部分）］

1.A:Ididntlikethatmeal.B:Youdidntlikeit?（怀疑）

2."Imtired."-"Areyou?"（怀疑）3.A:TheBrownsareemigrating.B:Emigrating?（惊讶）

4.A:Itcostsixtydollars.B:Howmuchdiditcost?（惊讶）

5.A:Switchthelightoff,please.Ｂ:Switchthelightoff,yousay?/Switchwhatoff?（反对）

句型［A:疑问句+B:重述性疑问句］

1.A:Whatdoyouthinkofthepicture?B:WhatdoIthinkofit?（怀疑）

2.A:Howdidyouenjoythecarnival?B:HowdidIenjoywhat?（要求）

3.A:Howdidyouenjoyyourholidays?B:HowdidIenjoymyholidays?（考虑回答）

4.A:Haveyouborrowedmypen?B:(HaveI)Borrowedyourpen?（反驳）

陈述式疑问句

句型［任何陈述形式的疑问句（词序不变）］

1.Myfriendshere?2.Youwouldntseemeleftherealone?

3."Youfollowedus,then?"-"Whatsthattoyou?..."saidJones,"Gotothedevil!"

4.Atwomilliondollarbuilding,youcanttouchthewalls?

5."Youarenotill?"wasthequestionput,"Alittlesick,"repliedMissKeldar.

句型［…疑问词（在剧中任何位置上）］

1."Youusethatpositionasafavoritetoinsultagentleman."-"Toinsultawhat?"saidSteerforth.

2.Fivetimeswhatnumbermakestwenty?

3.Iaskedthecarrier,"Arewegoingallthewaythere?"-"Allthewaywhere?"askedthecarrier

4.Youretwenty-what(odd)thisyear?5.Hesyourwho?6.Yourwhoisasteel-worker?

7.Howoldachildcoulddrawthis?8.Heisyoursonofwhatnumber?

各种数目概念表示法

句型［exactly等整数限制语+数词（数字）］/［数词（数字）+exactly等整数限制语］

1.Theclothmeasurestenyardsexactly.2.Itisnowexactlytenoclock.

3.Ishallbejusteighteenyearsoldonthe15thofnextmonth.4.Ittakesmethreecleardays.

句型［about等约数限制语+数词］/［数词+orso,moreorless］

1.Abouttwentythousandpeoplesawthematchyesterday.2.Theyopenedupsome8,000muofland.

3.Therearesomedozen(of)peoplethere.4.Itisanhourjourney,moreorless.

5.ThepriceofthisnewmachineisintheneighborhoodofonethousandYuan.

6.Duringthepastyearorso,theproductionrecordofthatfactoryhasbeenraisedto200%.

7.Icantgiveyoutheexactfigure,butinroundnumberitwasfiftyorsixtyYuan.

句型［over等表示有余的限制语+数词］/［数词+andmore等表示有余的限制语］

1.Bigbattle-shipsofovertenthousandtonscanbefullybuiltinShanghai.

2.Hehaslivedabroadabovetenyears.

3.Ihaveknownhimformorethan(forupwardsof)twentyyears.

4.Nofewerthan(Notlessthan)twothousandpeoplewenttotheparkyesterday.

5.InoldChinatheworkingdaywasnotlessthansixteenhours.

6.Ourcollegestudentsarenowrequiredtolearnatleastoneforeignlanguage.

7.Therearefiftyandodd(andmore)pupilsinourclass.

8.Therearechildrenofthreeyearsoldandupwards.

句型［…under等表示不足的限制语+数词］

1.Hemaybeunder(below)thirtyyearsofage.

2.Theurgentworkwascompletedinlessthanfivehours.

3.Therentofthehouseislessthan(nomorethan)threehundredYuanamonth.

4.Ithadbeendonefornomorethantendays.

5.Thisoldmachinetoolisusedforat(thevery)mostfifteenhoursaday.

句型［amountto等表示共计的限制语+数词］/［数词+inall等表示共计的限制语］

1.Thetotalexpensesamounttoahundreddollars.2.Thevisitorstotaled2,500.

3.Theexpendituresumsupto(addsupto)$1,000.4.Wenumberedtwentyinall.

5.Thevariousitemsfootup(come)to$2,000.6.Theywerefifteen,alltold.

句型［…increase/decrease等+from数词+to数词］

1.Thenumberofdraughtanimalsinthisbrigadeincreasedfrom10to90.

2.Thenumberofparticipantsroseto300,000.

3.Thecompanyhasincreasedthecapitalstockfromamillionto20milliondollars.

4.Thepopulationinthiscityhasjumpedabove3,000,000.

5.Themembersoftheassociationhavedecrease(werereduced)to300.

6.Thepopulationinthiscountryfelltounder40,000,000.

7.ThepriceofsilkhasdroppedfromsixteentotenYuanperJin.

句型［…甲数+inclusiveof/including+乙数…］/［…甲数+exclusiveof/excluding+乙数］

1.Thewholeamountsto500Yuan,inclusiveoftheexpenses35Yuan.

2.Thedelegationconsistedof15,includingtwointerpreters.

3.Price1Yuan,postageincluded.

4.Hehas1,500Yuaninthebank,exclusiveoftheinterest.

5.Therewerefiftypeoplepresent,notcountingthechildren.

句型［…表示按比例变化的限制语+数词］

1.Thetreesareplantedatintervalsoftwentyfeet.2.Wetakearestatintervalsoftwohours.

3.Iaskyoutoteachmeeveryotherday.4.IwenttoDovereverythirdorfourthweek

5.Writeoneveryotherline,oreverythirdline?6.Wegavetwotoeveryfour.

7.ThisteaissoldforeightyYuanperJin.8.Thecarrunsattherateofsixtymilesanhour.

9.Illgiveyousomepillstobetakentwoatatime,threetimesadaybeforemeals.

年月日时表示法

句型［on+月份+序数词(日子)+基数词(年度)…］［in+基数词(年度)+on+月份+序数词(日子)…］

1.OnApril24,1970,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-madeearthsatellite.

2.HewasbornonMarch15,1977.

3.In1921,theleadingrevolutionariesofChinametinsecretonaboatatJiaxingonJuly1st,andtheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded.

句型［…at+钟点+inthemorning等,on+月+日…］［…at+钟点+onthemorning等of+月+日…］

1.WeheldameetingateightoclockinthemorningonthefourthofMay.

2.Hearrivedatnineintheeveningonthe3rdofthismonth.

3.WecametoTianAnMenSquareatsevenoclockonthemorningofOctober.

4.At09:40hoursonDecember15,1971,anIndianaircraftintrudedintoChinasairspaceinTibet.

5.ChairmanMaopassedawayat00:10hoursonSeptember9,1976inBeijing.

6.PremierZhouEn-laidiedofcancerat09:57hoursonJanuary8,1976,inBeijingattheageof76.

句型［…at+基数词(minutes)+past/to+基数词(oclock)…］

1.Themeetingwillbeopenedatfivepastseven.2.Hecamehereataquartertoeight.

年龄表示法

句型［主语+be+数词（限制语）+yearsold/yearsofage］

1."Howoldishe?"-"heisjustfifty(yearsold)."(=Heisagedjustfifty/Hisageisjustfifty.)

2."Whatishisage?"-"Heistowardsfiftyyearsofage."

3."Ofwhatageisyourson?"-"(Myson)elevenandahalfyearsold."

4."GuesshowoldMaryis."-"Sheisaboutbetweeneighteenandtwentyyearsofage."

5.Thelittleonewasfivemonthsold.6."Howoldisthemoon?"-"Sheisfifteendaysold."

7."Howoldisthetree?"-"Thistreeiscenturiesold."

6."Howoldisthehorse?"-"Thehorseisoverfouryearsold

句型［…attheageof+数词］/［…at+数字+(yearsofage)］

1.AttheageofsixteenDarwinwenttoEdinburghtostudymedicineandthreeyearslatertoCambridge.2.Hediedattheripeageofeighty.

3.Shebecameplumpatforty.4.Hegraduatedattwentyyearsofage.

4.Childrenenterschoolattheageoffive,dontthey?

句型［…of+数词+yearsold(或ofage)］［…aged+数字+years］［…数字+yearsofage］

［…inones+数词复数］

1.Heisaboyofelevenyearsold.2.Myelderbrotherisamanagedfiftyyearsold.

3.Theyareallchildrenunderfiveyearsofage.

4.Childrenunder10yearofageareadmittedathalfprice.

5.Heisayoung,gallantofficerinhistwenties.

6.Thegrannyspeaksasifshewereagirlinherteens.

倍数表示法

句型［主语+谓语（double/treble）+宾语（增加对象）］

1.Thiscountryhasdoubledherannualoutputofsteelduringthepost-waryears.

2.InHengdongCounty,itsper-mugrainyieldsurpassed800in1970,doublingthatbefore1965.

3.Theenemysforcetreblesourown,butwehavewipedouttheenemy.

4.Ouropponentsscoreddoubleourpoints.

[注]double和treble也可以作不及物动词用，如：Thegrainsinourcommunehavetrebledthisyear.

Wagesofworkershadmorethandoubled.

句型［主语+be+倍数+thatof+被比对象］/［主语+be+倍数+as…as+被比对象］

1.Inourareanowthegrainoutputisfourtimesthatbeforeliberation.

2.InthisworkshoptheoutputofJulywas3.5timesthatofJanuary.

3.Theper-muyieldofourvillagethisyearwillcount2,400jin,whichisfourtimesthatof1998.

4.Bythattimeweshallproducethreetimesasmuchgrainaswedidtenyearsago.

5.Thisboxisthreetimesasheavyasthat.6.Beijingistentimesasbigasmyhometown.

7.Thegrossvalueofindustrialoutputofourareathisyearwillbeestimatedtobe2.5timesthatoflastyear.

句型［主语+be+倍数/百分数+upon/over/+被比对象］

［主语+be+倍数/百分数+比较级+than+被比对象］

1.Theindustrialoutputoflastyearinourvillagewas250%uponthatof1986.

2.Thegrainoutputinthatvillagewastwotimesoverthatof1988

3.Thesunisahugeblazingball,amilliontimeslargerthantheearth.

4.Thistypeofmachineusesthreetimesmorefueloilthanthattypedoes.

5.Agoodharvestofearlyricewasreapedon400,000mu,theoutputbeing25percenthigherthanlastyears.6.Agriculturaloutputfor1974isestimatedtobe51%upon1964.

句型［主语+increase/rise/attain+(to)倍数+comparedwith+被比对象］

1.Bycomparisonwith1948,theforeigntradeturnoverofthatcountryin1957increased3.5times.

2.Thenumberofpupilsinthiscityhasincreased6timesincomparisonwith1990.

3.Withtheresultofautomationproductivityhasincreased(risento)sixty-sixfoldinthatfactory.

4.Nowtheindustryofthiscountryhasattainedoversixtimesofthepre-waroutput.

5.Lastyear,theproductionofdifferentkindsoffarmtoolsinourfactoryincreases(to)ninetimes,comparedwith1999.

句型［主语+increase/rise等+(by)百分数+comparedwith…］

1.TheoutputofJulyinourfactoryincreased(by)250%comparedwiththatofJanuary.

2.Manycountrieshaveincreasedtheirfarmoutputby100percentormorewithinashortspaceoftime.

3.Overthepast17years,Daqinghasincreaseditsannualoutputofcrudeoilbyanaverageof28percent.

4.In2007crudeoilproductionrose150%comparedwith2005,fulfillingthecompanyplantwomonthsaheadofschedule.

[注1]by表示增加的净数，也可用于倍数，如：Itexceededourestimateby3times.

Theenemysforcesweremorethanoursby4times.

[注2]注意下面成语所含倍数的意义，加again表示增加一倍，如：

Hehasbooksasmuch(many)asshe.Hehasbookshalfasmuchagainasshe.

分数减少表示法

句型［主语+reduce等+宾语+(by)分数或百分数…］

1.Theinventionofmanynewtoolsinourfactoryhasreducedthecostofproduction(by)onethird,whiletheoutputhasgoneup(to)160percent.

2.Thepriceoffarmtoolsinourfactoryhasreduced(或decreased)towfifths.

3.Ithasreducedtheamountbyonehalf.

句型［主语+reduce等+(from)…to+分数或百分数］

1.Atthattimeindustrialoutputinthatcountryhadsunk(或hadfallen等)twothirds.

2.Agriculturaltaxhasreducedfrom12%intheearlypost-liberationyearstofive%.

3.Bytheendof2006,theshareoftheprivatedealersinthiscityhadfallento5%.

计量表示法

句型［主语+measure+数词+单位+long等形容词/inlength等］

［主语+be+数词+单位+long等形容词/inlength等］［主语+attain+alength等+数词+单位］

1.Thetreeisaboutsixtyfeethigh(或inheight).(=Thetreeattainsaheightofaboutsixtyfeet.)

2.Shewastall,nearsixfeetinheight,butslenderlyformed.

3.Thebirdisaboutsixincheslongandweighsthreequartersofanounce.

4.Ifoundmyselfaloneinavastroom,betweentwoandthreehundredfeetwideandabouttwohundredhigh,lyinginbedtwentyyardswide.

5."Howwideistheriver?"-"Itsabovetenmeterswide(或inwidth)."

6.Lastyearthesnowattainedathickness(或felladepth)ofthreefeethere.

7.Heis150poundsinweight(=Heattainsaweightof150pounds).

8.Thepolicesearchedallthefieldsandwoodswithinaradiusoftwomiles.

句型［主语+measure/be+（长度）数词+单位+by+(宽度)数词+（单位）］

1.Thisroommeasurestwentyfeetbyfifteen.(=theroomistwentyfeetinlengthandfifteenfeetinbreadth.)2.Thebedissixfeetbyfourandahalffeet.

3."Whatsizeisthattable?""Itmeasuresthreefeetbythree."

句型［主语+cost/beworth+数词+单位］［主语+bevalued/berated+at+数词+单位］

1."Howmuchisit?"-"Itcostsabovetendollars"(=thepriceofitisabovetendollars.)

2.ThispencostsmefiveYuan.

3.Itsworth12shillings,butthisisnotworthmorethantenshillings.

4.Hevaluedthehouseformeat350,000Yuan.

5.Thiscoatcosts20dollars,butIdontthinkitisratedatten.

加减乘除表示法

句型［甲数+plus/and/addedto+乙数+is/are/willbe/equals/isequalto/makes/gets+和数］

1.Howmuchis(或makes)twoplusfour?Howmanyaretwoandfour?

Whataretwoandfour?回答：Thetotal(sum)issix.

2.Twoplusfourequalssix.Twoandfouris(are)six.Twoplusfourisequaltosix.

Twoaddedtofourequalssix.Twoandfourmakes(make)six.Towplusfourwillbesix.

Ifweaddtwotofour,wegetsix.

句型［甲数+minus/lessaddedto+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)+差数］

［乙数+taken/subtracted+from+甲数+leaves+差数］

1.Howmuchiseightminus(less)three?Whatisthreefromeight?回答：Thedifferenceisfive.

2.Eightminus(less)threeequalsfive.Eightminusthreeis(are/isequalto)five.

Threetakenfromeightleavesfive.Three(subtracted)fromeightandtheremainderisfive.(fiveremains).Subtractthreefromeightandtheremainderwillbefive.

句型［甲数+multipliedby+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)等+积数］

［Multiply+甲数+by+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)等+积数］

［once,twice,threetimes…+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)等+积数］

1.Howmanyarethreemultipliedbyfour?Whatisthreemultipliedbyfour?

Howmuchgivesthreetimesfour?Whatisthreetimesfour？回答：Theresultistwelve.

2.Threemultipliedbyfourequalstwelve.Multiplythreebyfourgivestwelve.

Multiplythreebyfour,wegettwelve.Threetimesfouristwelve

[注]1x1=1Onceoneisone.2x1=2(Twiceoneistwo.)

(a+b)(a-b)=a2-b2Aplusbmultipliedbyaminusbisequaltoasquaredminusbsquared.

150x2/5=60Onehundredandfiftymultipliedbytwofifthsequalssixty.

Onehundredandfiftytimestwofifthsaresixty.

句型［甲数+dividedby+乙数+gives等+商数］/［Divide+甲数+by+乙数+gives等+商数］

［乙数+into+甲数+goes+商数］

1.8÷2=?Howmanyiseightdividedbytwo?Howmanytimesdoestwogointoeight?

回答：Thequotientisfour(times).

2.8÷2=4Eightdividedbytwomakesfour.Divideeightbytwoequalsfour.

Dividetwointoeightandyougetfour.Twointoeightgoesfourtimes.

[注1]9÷2=4余1Twointoninegoesfourtimes,and1remainder.Ninedividedbytwogivesfour,and1remainder.

9÷2=4又1/2Divideninebytwoandyougetfourandahalf.Dividetwointonineandyougetfourandahalf.

[注2]加减乘除综合式(3+8-2)÷3x5=15Threepluseightminustwo,alldividedbythreemultipliedbyfiveequalfifteen.

名量词与不定量数目

句型［…数词+名量词+of+实物名词…］

常用量名词有：1.aglassofwine2.abottleofoil3.abowlofrice4.ajugoftea5.acakeofsoap6.alumpofsugar7.asheetofpaper8.aloafofbread9.apairofscissors10.apartyoftravelers11.abunchofflowers12.asetofbooks13.asuitofclothes14.adropofblood15.agrainofsand16.amouthfuloffood17.ahandfulofseed18.arayofhope19.acrowdofchildren20.aflockofsheep等。

1.Addthreespoonfulsofwater,please.2.Iwanttwopoundsofbutter.

3.MayIofferyouaglassofwine?4.Pleasegivemetwosheetsofpaper.

5.Iboughtanewpairofscissorsyesterday.6.Hetookthreebottlesofbrandy.

句型［主语+谓语+（宾语）+状语（ata+名量词）］

常见ata+名量词的词组有：1.atatime2.atablow3.atadraught=atadraft4.atamouthful5.atastretch6.atabound7.ataglance8.atasitting9.atastroke等。

1.Ikilledtwofliesatablow.2.Thedoctorsawataglancethatthechildhadmeasles.

3.Thejobwasfinishedatasitting(astretch).4.Heleapedoverthefenceatabound.

5.Thestudentswalkedtwentymilesatastretch.

6.TheYoungShockBrigadeworkedtwoshiftsatastretch.

句型［…one等基数词+of+范围词］/［…不定量词+of+范围词］［…定量词+of+范围词］

常见词组有：1.oneof…2.manyofus(them…)3.someofthem4.everyoneofus5.fewofus6.bothofthesisters7.anyofthese8.mostofthem9.allofus10.asmallnumberof…11.agreatnumberof…12.anumberof…13.agreatdealof14.alotofpeople15.plentyofpeople16.hundredsof…17.thousandsofpeople18.acoupleof…

1.LeiFengisoneofourcountrysgreatandgloriousfighters.

2.Hesetanexampletoallofus.3.EveryoneofushasgreatfaithintheloftycauseofCommunism.

4.Wemeetwithagreatdealofdifficulties,butfinallyweovercomeallofthem.

5.Halfofthesemesterhaspassed,andwearereadytomeetacheckinteachingandlearning.

6.Ireceivedacoupleoflettersthismorning.7.Agreat(large)numberofpeoplebelieveit.

中考英语知识点：it句型-代指做一件事

1.It’snicetomeetyou.

很高兴见到你（刚见面）。

It指tomeetyou这件事。to的意义在于状态：“刚

发生”，作用是转化含五动全形meet的部分为名词词组tomeetyou。

因为it在句子中做主体，没有实际意义，所以it’s可以省略，变成Nicetomeetyou,尤其在口语中，it作为主体可以省略或不说出来。

2.It’snicemeetingyou.（it’s可省略）

认识或见过你了，很高兴。（已见过面，说再见了）

It指meetingyou这件事。meet的ing形表达状态“已经发生了（持续或正在进行状态的事一定已经发生）”，作用为转化含五动全形meet的部分为名词词组meetingyou。其余解释同句1。

3.Itusuallytakesmehalfanhourtogettoschoolfromhomeonfoot.（口语中常省略it）

我从家里步行到学校通常需要半小时。

句3中的it完全因为两个句子结构原因：（1）句子需要一个短主体；

（2）由实际主体表达的togettoschoolfromhomeonfoot这件事太长，故选择it代指这件事。以下句4～句8用it是相同的原因。

4.Itseemstobeaquestionwhetherhe’llcomeornot.

他来还是不来，似乎是未知数。

It代指whetherhe’llcomeornot（这个句子已变名词词组）这件事。

5.It’sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.

可惜你错过了这场精彩的足球赛。

it代指(that)youmissedtheexcitingfootballmatch这件事，that转化后面的句子为名词词组，无实际意义，可省略。

6.Itisnotdecidedwhowillbetheleaderoftheclass.

谁来当班长还未决定。

It代指whowillbetheleaderoftheclass（这个句子已变为名词词组）这件事。

7.Itisdifficultforhimtodothemath.

这道数学题难住他了。

It代指forhimtodothemath（这个句子已经转化成了名词词组）这件事。for引出dothemath的主体you，to转化含五动全形do的部分为todothemath的非五动全形名词词组。

8.ItiskindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.

It代指ofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish（这个句子已经转化成了名词词组）这件事。

of引出helpmewithmyEnglish的主体you，to转化含五动全形help的部分为tohelpmewithmyEnglish的非五动全形名词词组。

用of而不用for，因为kind属于人（you）的属性特征，of表“you拥有kind的属性特征”。

换言之（比较例句7和例句8），可以说youarekind，而不能说heisdifficult.

9.Theyfeelitdifficulttodothemath.

他们觉得难解这道数学题。

10.Ifinditdifficultforhimtodothemath.

我感觉他难解这道数学题。

11.Wethinkitaquestionwhetherhe’llcomeornot.

我们认为他来还是不来还是未知数。

12.Theteacherremainsitundecidedwhowillbetheleaderoftheclass.

老师仍然未决定谁来当班长。

13.ItookitforgrantedthatyouwouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.

我曾想当然地以为你会帮我学习英语。

14.Hefounditnousearguingwithhismotheraboutdoinghishomeworkontime.

他发觉跟他妈妈争论准时完成家庭作业的问题没有用。

15.I’dmuchappreciateitifyoucouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.

如果你帮我学习英语，我会非常感激。

以上句9～句15，it指代部分都用斜体表示。与句1～句8的区别在于：句9～句15中的it做受体，结构作用不同而已。其它解释一样。

一般祈使句

句型［（呼语），（Dont）动词原形+（宾语）+其他］

1.Study,studyandoncemorestudy.2.Workingmenofallcountries,unite!

3.LearnfromcomradeLeiFeng.4.Dontforgetit.5.Comehere.

6.Stopcryingandwipeawayyourtears.

句型［（Dont）Be+表语+（其他）］

1.Beredandexpert.2.Bebrave,dontbeafraid.3.Dontbeshy!

4.Becareful,whencrossthestreet.5.Beanhonestperson,speakandacthonestly.

3.Dontbeafraid,speakout.

句型［Get+过去分词/副词虚助词+（其他）］

1.Getorganized!2.Getdonewithit.3.Getaway!4.Getalongwithyou.

5.Getoutofhere.6.Getback.

[附注]祈使句一般不用主语，如系多数人而须指示任务时可以有主语，这个主语相当于呼语。如：

1.Youtalk;wehaveheardenoughfromtheothers.

2.Everybodyshuttheireyes.

3.Yousweepthefloor,XiaoWang;youcleanthedesks,XiaoLi,andothersfetchwater.

其次，大人对孩子说话，或含有急躁、厌烦等情绪，也可加主语you

1.Nowyoulistentome.2.Youmustnottalksoloud!

3.Nowyougetabitofpaperandwritedown.4.Yourmindyourownbusiness!

第三，当句中的副词虚助词在句首时，须用主语，如：Inyougo!(=Goin,please.)

强语势祈使句

句型62［（肯定句）Do+动词原形+（其他）］/［(否定句)Never+动词原形+（其他）］

1.Dotellme!2.Dobecareful!3.Docome!4.Dostaywithus!5.Nevertellalie.

6.Neverstandrightinthemiddleofyourwork.

7.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.

句型［No/Noneof+名词！］

1.Nofalsehood!Ourstrengthliesinstatingthetruth.

2.TheKingsaid:"hehasstudiedtoomuch,Nobooksandnoteachersanymore!...

3.Noneofyourlittlegames!4.Noneofyournonsense!5.Noneofyourimpudence

[注1]no是泛指，none所指有一定的范围

[注2]旧时有用forGodssake或forgoodnesssake等来加强语气的。ForGodssakedontfirethatgun!

委婉祈使句

句型［Please+动词原形+（其他）］

1.Pleasepassmethedictionary.2.Lendmeyourknife,please.

3.Dontstandpleaseonceremony.4.Movealong,please.5.Pleasehelpyourself!

[注]文学作品中please可用pray替代，如：1.Praygohome.2.Pray,goonwithyournextstory.

句型［Willyou/Wontyou/Wouldyou+动词原形+（其他）］

1.Willyoucomehere?(=Pleasecomehere.)2.Willyoudothebeds,whileIdothewindows?

3.Helpmewiththisluggage,willyou?4.Wontyoustayalittlelonger?

5.Wontyouhavesomemore?6."Wouldyoudomeafavor?"-"Why,ofcourse."

7.Wouldyoulikeanotherdrink?8.Wouldyoukindlyshowmetheway?

[注]疑问句的祈使句还有could,can,may,might,如：Couldyoulendmefiveshillingsuntiltomorrow?

Might(May)Iborrowyourpen(for)amoment?

句型［Wouldyoumind(not)+动名词+（其他）］/［Doyoumind(not)+动名词+（其他）］

1."Would(或Do)youmindlendingmeyourdictionary?"-"Certainlynot."

2.Wouldyoumindbeinghereatnineoclock?

3."Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?"-"Oh,no,please."

4.Doyoumindnotsmokinginthedining-room,please?

句型［Whatabout+动名词+（其他）］/［Howabout+动名词+（其他）］

1.Whataboutstartingworktomorrow?2.Whataboutgoingoutforawalk?

3.Howabouttryingtodoitmyway?

句型［Be+sogood/kindas+不定式+（其他）］/［Be+good/kindenough+不定式+（其他）］

1.Besogoodastocomeandjoinusat5oclock.

2.Besokindas(=kindenough)toshutthedoor.

3.Begoodenoughtoletmeknowwhenyouwillreturnfromyourholiday.

4.BekindenoughtocomeandhelpmetostudyEnglish.

[注1]句型60,61可与本句型结合使用，如：1.Willyoubebackearlythisevening,please?2.Willyoubekindenough/sokindastoclosethedoor?3.Wouldyoubesogoodastoposttheletterforme?

[注2]有时可以在这些句型前加上just,使语气更缓和，如：Justlistentoher,please!Justshutthedoor,willyou?

建议祈使句

句型［Letus/Lets或Let+第三人称宾语+动词原形+其他］

1.Letusknowthetimeofyourarrival.2.Oh,doletusbefriends.

3."Letsgo."-"yes,letsgo."4.Letsstartearly,shallwe?

5."Shallhecomein?"-"lethimwait!"6.Lethimhavehissay.

7."NatureandNatureslawslayhidinnight,godsaidLetNewtonbeandallwaslight.

[注]let可用于句型55，如：Letmesee."Letmealone.""Pleaseletmeintothehouse."

句型［Let+宾语+not}+动词原形+其他］［Dontlet+宾语+动词原形+其他］

1.Letusnotgo.2.Letsnotwasteouttimearguingaboutit.3.Letsnotdiscussitinclass.

4.Dontletthefireout.5.Dontletthechildrencomeneartheedge.

6.Pray(please)dontletusbesplittinghairs…,ortherellneverbeanendofthecause.

[注1]古英语中可采用"Letnot+宾语…"的形式，如：1.Letnotsuccesselateyou.(=youshouldnotbeelatedbysuccess.)2.Letnotfailuredejectyou

[注2]以上三种否定式不可用于间接引语中，如：（误）Tellhimdontletthefireout.

（误）Tellhimletthefirenotout.（误）Tellhimletnotthefireout.（正）Tellhimnottoletthefireout.

句型［Suppose/Supposing+主语+谓语（动词原形、过去时）+其他］

1.Supposeyouringmeup.2.Supposingwegoforaswim.

3.Suppose(Supposing)wetrytodoitmyway.4.Supposingwelooked(look)himuptoday.

句型［主语+hadbetter+动词原形+其他］

1.Wedbetterstartearly.(=Itwouldbebetterforustostartearly.)

2.Youdbetterdoasthedoctorsaysandstayinbed.

3.Youhadbettergotothefieldsandhavealook.4.Hadntyoubettertakeanumbrella?

[注]相当于本句型的还有以下二式：1."…wouldbewell+不定式…"Itwouldbewelltostartearly.

2."…mayaswell+原形动词…"Wemayaswellgo.

[附注]建议祈使句还可以用以下动词来表达

1）allow,如：Allowme,Sir,tointroduceyoutomyfellow-travelers.

Prayallowmetodetainyouforamoment..

2)permit,多用于正式场合，如：Permitmetoexplainfurther.

Pleasepermitme,onbehalfofourschool,toextendmyheartfeltgreetingstoyou.

其次，也可用陈述句来表达这种概念。如：Youhavetoknockbeforeyouentermyroom.

1.Youarenottocomeintomyroomwithoutknocking.

2.Yououghttoshowhonortoyourteachers.3.WeshouldbethemastersofScience.

4.Youaretowriteyournameatthetopofeachsheetofpaper.

祝愿句

句型［Longlive+第三人称主语］

1.Longliveoursocialistmotherland.

2.Longlivethegreat,gloriousandcorrectCommunistPartyofChina.

句型［May+第二、三人称主语+动词原形+其他］

1.Mayyoureturnsoon!2.Mayheneverrepentthisact!

3.Mayyousucceedinbuildingupastrongandprosperouscountry!

4.Mayourtwopeoplesachieveevengreatersuccessesinoursocialistconstruction!

[注]句型69，70可结合使用。如：Longmayshelivetoenjoyhergoodfortune!

有时可用might代替may,如：Rathermighttheyliveinfriendshipforthefuture!

句型［（祝愿内容）名词+to+名词或代词（被祝愿对象）］

1.Eternalglorytothepeoplesheroes!2.Solutetoyou!3.Successtoyou!

4.Alonglifetoyou!5.Atoasttoourfriendship!6.Ahappyjourneytoyou!7.Goodlucktoyou!

句型［Ifonly/But+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他］

1.IfonlyMarxwerestillbymysidetoseethiswithhisowneyes!

2.IfonlyIhadknownthenwhatIknewlongafterwards!

3.Ah,ifonlyithadlifeandmovement!4.IfIcouldonlygetsomethingtodo.

句型［Oh/O/Ah）名词+that+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他］［Oh/O/Ah）名词+tobe+表语+其他］

［Oh/O/Ah）名词+虚拟式谓语+主语+其他］

1.Oh!Thatshecouldcomebacktolifeagain!2.Othathewerealiveandcouldseethefruitsofhislabor.

3.Ah,thatIhadbutknown!4.OthatIhadlistenedtohim!5.Oh,tobeinEnglandnowthatAprilsthere!6.Otobeaboyagain!7.Owereheonlyhere!8.OhadIwings!

句型［Be+主语+表语+其他］/［表语+Be+主语+其他］

1.Behisbannerunconquered,resistlesshisspear.

2.Beoursahappymeeting!3.Lightbeherheartandgayhermerryeyes!

4.Sobeit!(=Somayitbe!=Beitso!)

5."GoodfriendforJesussake,forbear

Todigthedustenclosedhere,

Blessedbehethatsparesthesestones

Andcurstbehethatmovesmybones."(EpitaphwrittenbyShakespeare)

句型［Would(that)+主语+虚拟式谓语+其他］

1.Would(that)itwereotherwise!2.Wouldthattheyweresafehomeagain!

3.Wouldyouwerewithus!(=Iwishyouwerewithus!)4.WouldIwereascientist!

5.Would(that)Iwereyoungagain.6.WouldIwereasstrongasyou.

[注]口语中还有各种表示祝愿的说法，如：Goodmorning!AHappyNewYear!AHappyHoliday!Happyjourney!Manyhappyreturns(oftheday)!Goodluckineverything!Mybestwishestoyou!

揭示句

句型[No+动名词或名词！］/[(修饰语)+名词]

1.NoSmoking!2.NoParkingHere!3.NoScribbling(onthewall)!4.NoPassage!

2.NoAdmittance!6.NoAdmittanceexceptonbusiness.7.NoSpitting!8.NoTalking!

9.NoThoroughfare.10.NoBill(或PostNoBill).11.NottoBeTakenAway!

12.Order!13.Interval-10Min.14.TheEnd.15.NightBell.16.Holiday.

17.Poison!18.Danger!19.HighTension!20.Attention!(或Lookout!)

[注]这种句型还可以用副词，形容词，分词，动词，词组或句子来表达，如：Slow;KeepRight;

Handsoff;WetPaint;BewareofFire;Upstairs;Downstairs;Push;Pull;ChildrennotAllowed;Engaged;Full,AllFull;Timesover;Entrance;Exit;Wayout等。

口号口令式祈使句

句型［副词虚助词+with+名词（或代词）］

1.Downwiththeslavementality!Burydogmatism!

2.Awaywithsuperstitionandemancipatethemind.

3.Downwiththelandlords!4.Upwiththepoor!5.Upwithit!6.Inwithyou!7.Outwithit!

8.Offwithyourhat.9.Offwiththeirheads!10.Onwithyourshoes!

句型［名词+副词虚助词！］［副词或比较级副词！］

1.Handsup!2.Handsoff!3.Skatesoff!4.Forwardtonewvictories!5.Louder!6.Higher!

7."Forward,men,forward"criesPakenham.8."Away!-away!"criedshewildly.

定义：经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态

be动词用am/is/are

实意动词用原形或单三形式

句型变化

（1）一般疑问句：将am/is/are提前，I变you,my变your,Iam变Are

you,句号变问号。

（2）否定句；在am/is/are后加not

Sheisastudent.

Issheastudent?

Sheisntastudent.

当主语不是单三时，谓语动词用原型

句型变化

（1）一般疑问句：在句首加助动词do,I变you,my变your,句号变问号。

（2）否定句；在主语和谓语之间加助动词dont

Ilikeblue.

Doyoulikeblue?

Idontlikeblue.

当主语是单三时，谓语动词用单三形式

句型变化

（1）一般疑问句；在句首加助动词does,my变your,动词还原,句号变问号

（2）否定句；在主语和谓语动词之间加助动词doesnt,动词还原

Shelikesblue.

Doesshelikeblue?

Shedoesntlikeblue.

Therebe句型否定式

“Therebe+not+主语+介词短语”。Therebe句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not或no即可，但要注意的是句中的some改成any.

1.Thereisaknifeinthekitchen.

否定:Thereisnotaknifeinthekitchen.

2.Therearefiveapplesonthetree.

否定:Therearenotfiveapplesonthetree.

3.Thereissomeinkinthebottle.

否定:Thereisnotanyinkinthebottle.

4.Therearesomebirdssinginginthetree.

否定:Therearenotanybirdssinginginthetree.

Therebe否定句型中的notany与no可以互换。

注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，所以nota/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。

1.Therearenotanybooksinthebag.

=Therearenobooksinthebag.

2.Thereisnobabycryingintheroom.

=Thereisnotanybabycryingintheroom.

3.Therearenostudentsintheclassroom.

=Therearenotanystudentsintheclassroom.

4.Thereisnotanymilkinthebottle.

=Thereisnomilkinthebottle.