在前面的几个模块中,我们所接触的动词过去式多为规则变化,其基本变化规则为“动词原形+-ed”。但是在英语中不符合上述变化规则的动词有很多,它们的过去式构成方式独特,因此被称为不规则动词,需要靠同学们单独记忆。如以下各例:
● Weleftat nine o'clock in the morning.
我们是早上9点钟离开的。
● Weswamin the Pacific Ocean. Wehada good time.
我们在太平洋里游泳,玩得很高兴。
● Iwrotesome postcards andsentsome emails.
我写了一些明信片,还发了一些电子邮件。
下面是一些常用的不规则动词及其过去式:
be — was/wereleave — left
buy — boughtmeet — met
come — cameread — read
do — didsee — saw
get — gotsend — sent
go — wentspend — spent
have — hadswim — swam
write — wrotetake — took
除了过去式的变化规则不同以外,不规则动词在肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句等各种句型中的使用都与规则动词相同。下面我们以spend,come,go,take,see,swim为例具体说明:
肯定 | 否定 | 一般疑问及回答 |
I spent two days there. | I did not (didn't) spend two days there. | Did you spend two days there? Yes,I did. No,I didn't. |
You came here yesterday. | You did not (didn't) come here yesterday. | Did you come here yesterday? Yes,I did. No,I didn't. |
He/ She went to work by bus. | He/ She did not (didn't) go to work by bus. | Did he/ she go to work by bus? Yes,he/ she did. No,he/ she didn't. |
It took two hours to go there. | It did not (didn't) take two hours to go there. | Did it take two hours to go there? Yes,it did. No,it didn't. |
We saw the homes of the movie stars. | We did not (didn't) see the homes of the movie stars. | Did you see the homes of the movie stars? Yes,we did. No,we didn't. |
They swam in the sea. | They did not (didn't) swim in the sea. | Did they swim in the sea? Yes,they did. No,they didn't. |