翻译训练:普通话与方言中国土地广阔,人口众多。尽管全国都讲汉语,但是不同地区的人说汉语的方式不同,这 - 考试试题及答案解析 - 读趣百科
解答题

翻译训练:普通话与方言

中国土地广阔,人口众多。尽管全国都讲汉语,但是不同地区的人说汉语的方式不同,这被称为方言。方言一般被称为地方话,是汉语在不同地区的分支,只在特定地区使用。汉语方言非常复杂。它们有以下三方面不同:发音、词汇和语法。发音的区别最为显著。2000多年前,中国人发现社交时应该使用统一的语言。和方言相比,普通话(mandarin)能被所有人理解。普通话有利于不同种族、地区人民之间的信息传递和文化交流。

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题目答案

China has a vast land and a large population. Even though the Chinese language is spoken all over the country, people in different areas speak it in different ways, which are called dialects. Generally called local languages, dialects are branches of the Chinese language in different regions, and are only used in certain areas. Dialects of the Chinese language are very complicated. They differ from each other in three aspects: pronunciation ,vocabulary and grammar. And the difference in pronunciation is the most outstanding. Over2,000 years ago, Chinese people realized that a common language should be used in social activities. Compared with dialects,mandarin can be understood by all people. It is beneficial to information transmission and cultural exchange between ethnic groups and people indifferent places..

答案解析

1.土地广阔:可转译为名词短语avastland。vast是指“幅员辽阔的”,这里不能用wide。但是表示物体的宽度时可以用wide,比如:Theriveris100mwide.(这条河宽100米。)

2.人口众多:即“很多的人口”,可转译为名词短语alargepopulation。

3.与...不同:可译为differfrom或bedifferentfrom。

4.发音的区别最为显著:可译为Thedifferenceinpronunciationisthemostoutstanding。

5.有利于:可译为bebeneficialto。

6.信息传递和文化交流:可译为informationtransmissionandculturalexcha

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解答题

翻译训练:大学生创业

近年来大学生创业(entrepreneurship)问题越来越受到社会的关注,因为受过多年教育的大学生属于高级知识分子,他们背负着社会的种种期望。在社会经济繁荣发展的同时,大学生创业也成为新气象。现代大学生有创新精神,有对传统观念和传统行业挑战的信心和欲望,而这种创新精神也成为大学生创业的动力源泉,成为成功创业的信心基础。大学生怀揣创业梦想,努力打拼,实现自己的理想,证明自己的价值。

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题目答案

Educated for many years ,college students bear expectations from society as senior intellectuals .Therefore ,in recent years ,society has paid more and more attention to the entrepreneurship of college students .With the development of our society and economy ,entrepreneurship of college students has become anew phenomenon .Being innovative ,college students in modern society have the confidence and desire to challenge the traditional ideas and professions .It is such spirit of innovation that makes college students motivated to establish a business and confident to achieve success .Bearing the dream of establishing a business ,college students work hard to realize their ideals and prove themselves.

答案解析

1.越来越受到...的关注:有很多译法,可以灵活处理,如toattractanincreasingattentionfrom…也可译为befocusedonmoreandmore,文中翻译为haspaidmoreandmoreattentionto。

2.背负着社会的种种期望:可译为bearexpectationsofsociety。

3.创业:有很多译法,可以根据不同情况进行选择,文中译为establishabusiness,也可译为startone'sownenterprise。

4.传统行业:可译为traditionalprofessions或traditionalindustries。

5.成为成功创业的信心基础:可以理解为“更有信心取得成功”,故译为beconfidenttoachievesuccess。

6.怀揣…梦想:可译为bearingthedreamof...,也可译为havingthedreamof...,这里用现在分词形式作状语。

7.实现自己的理想:可译为realizeone'sideals,还可用toputone'sdreamintoreality表达。

解答题

翻译训练:

酒和饮酒文化在中国的历史中占据着重要地位。从宋代开始,白酒(white liquor)成为中国人饮用的主要酒类。中国白酒制作工艺复杂,原料丰富多样,是世界著名的六大蒸馏酒(distilled liquor)之一。中国有很多优秀的白酒品牌,受到不同人群的喜爱。在当代社会,饮酒文化得到了前所未有的丰富和发展。不同地区和场合的饮酒习俗和礼仪已成为中国人日常生活中重要的部分。在几千年的文明史中,酒几乎渗透到社会生活中的各个领域,如文学创作、饮食保健等。

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题目答案

Alcohol and its drinking culture have always played asignificant rolein Chinese history. In the SongDynasty, white liquor became the main type ofalcohol Chinese people drunk. Chinese liquor has acomplicated productionprocess and can be madefrom various raw materials, making it one of the sixworld-famous distilled liquor. There are lotsof excellent brandsin China favored by different groups of people. In contemporary society,the drinkingculture has undergone unprecedented enrichment and development.The drinking customs and rituals in different regions and on differentoccasions have become animportant part of Chinese people's daily life.In thousands of years of civilization, alcohol haspenetrated into almost every aspect of social life, such as literary creation, diet and healthcare.

答案解析

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解答题

翻译训练:

筷子(chopsticks) 是中国传统的独具特色的进食工具 (diningutensils) ,至今已有数千年的历史。筷子在古代被称为“箸”,大约从明朝开始才有了 “筷子”的称呼。筷子多为竹子制成,也有用木头、象牙(ivory)、金属或其他材料制作而成。它要么上方下圆,要么上下全圆而上粗下细。不管其形状如何,筷子必须是成对使用的,并且两只筷子的大小长短要相同。筷子是中国人日常生活的必备工具,它的发明充分反映了中国人民的智慧。

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题目答案

Chopsticks, with a history of thousands of years, areunique traditionalChinese dining utensils. Theywere called zhu in ancient China and the nameofKuai Zi began to be used in Ming Dynasty.Chopsticks are usually made obamboo. Some aremadeof wood, ivory, metals or other materials. Theirupper parts are square and lower partsround,or they are all round withthicker upper parts and thinner lower parts. Whatever theirshapesare, theyare used in pairs and the pair must be identicalto each other. chopstic arethe necessary dining utensilsin Chinese people's daily life, theinvention of which fully delaysthe intelligence of Chinese people.

答案解析

暂无解析
解答题

翻译训练:

要了解中国文化,就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。中国地方戏种类很多,其中京剧是一个具有代表 性的剧种。作为一个独立的剧种,京剧的诞生大约是在1840年至I860年。京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础 上形成的。京剧有明确的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音乐上以胡琴为主要伴奏乐器。由于京剧是在融 合各种地方戏之精华的基础上形成的,所以它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱,也受到全国人民的喜爱。

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题目答案

To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and I860. Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin, is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.

答案解析

1.要了解中国文化,就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解:该句没有给出明确的主语,因而在翻译时要注意:增译主语you。“中国的戏曲文化”可译为theChineseoperaculture。

2.中国地方戏种类很多,其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种:该句在翻译时可以采用非限定性定语从句结构。该句可译为:InChina,therearemanykindsoflocaloperas,amongwhichPekingOperaisarepresentativeone.注意此处为了避免在前后分句中重复使用名词opera而在后半句中使用了名词性替代词one。

3.京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的:“在……的基础上形成”如果直接译为beformedontheIbasisof...会稍显生硬,因而可以灵活译为originatefrom...。“地方戏”可以直译为localopera。

4.念白:“念白”指的是中国戏曲中人物的独白或者两者的对话,因而此处在翻译时可将其灵活译为theIspokenparts。

5.胡琴:这一特有名词在英文中并没有直接对应的词汇或表达,因而可以采用汉语拼音表示。

6.它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱,也受到全国人民的喜爱:“不仅也”常用notonly…butalso…来表达。此处句中的“钟爱”和“喜爱”同义,在翻译后半部分内容时可以将与前半部分重复的内容省略,故该部分内容可译为:itisenjoyednotonlybyBeijingaudience,butalsobypeoplealloverthecountry。

解答题

翻译:

Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. (Passage Four)

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题目答案

文化震撼是由于社会交往过程中失去了所有本来熟悉的标记和符号引起焦虑而产生的。

答案解析

暂无解析
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