英语知识点:定语从句正误辨析
新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,本网为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!下面是《2018中考英语知识点:定语从句正误辨析》,仅供参考!
定语从句正误辨析
[误]Iwon'ttellyouthenameofthepersonwhoteachmeEnglish.??
[正]Iwon'ttellyouthenameofthepersonwhoteachesmeEnglish.??
[析]在定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,从它本身看不出其数的形式,这时要由它的先行词决定。这里who应由theperson单数决定,应该用单数谓语动词。又如:Iwhoamastudentwanttofindasparetimejob.这里的who应与I是一致的,所以其谓语动词应该用am。?
[误]WetalkedaboutthethingsandthepeoplewhowemetduringtheSecondWorldWar.??
[正]WetalkedaboutthethingsandthepeoplethatwemetduringtheSecondWorldWar.??
[析]这里的关系代词不要用who,因为其先行词有两个一个是things(物),而另一个是people(人),这时既不可用who,又不可用which,因前者只能用于先行词是人的情况下,而后者则用于先行词是物的情况下,所以只能用that,因为它的先行词既可以是人又可以是物。?
[误]Thebook,thatIboughtyesterday,wasverygood.?
[正]Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,wasverygood.??
[析]先行词与定语从句被逗号分割开来时,即作为非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中which,when,who,whom,where,when,whose等都可以和限制性定语从句中的作用一样,而独有that不易用于非限制性定语从句。
[误]ThedictionarywhichIlentityesterdayisaveryusefultool.??
[正]ThedictionarywhichIlentyesterdayisaveryusefultool.??
[析]关系代词在定语从句中是要起语法作用的,它不是作主语就是作宾语。虽然在作宾语时它的位置由原来的宾语位置移到了句首,但它的作用依然存在,而且在原宾语位置上不能再出现宾语。?
[误]TheteacherIwanttolearnEnglishfromistheonewhichcomesfromAmerica.
[正]TheteacherIwanttolearnEnglishfromistheonewhocomesfromAmerica.
[析]theone,anyone,those作代词并且是指某人、物时,其关系代词不能用which应用who。?
[误]Thisistheroominthattheoldmanlives.??
[正]Thisistheroominwhichtheoldmanlives.??
[正]Thisistheroomwhichtheoldmanlivesin.??
[正]Thisistheroomthattheoldmanlivesin.??
[析]that不能紧跟在介词后作介词宾语,但如果介词不前置仍放于句尾,则可用that作引导词,而且可以省略。如:Thisistheroomtheoldmanlivesin.??
[误]Icandoeverythingwhichisgoodforyou.??
[正]Icandoeverythingthatisgoodforyou.??
[析]在先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等不定代词时,虽然它们指的是物体,但不要用which而用that作定语从句的引导词。?
[误]Theonlythingwhichthestudentscandoisstudyinghard.??
[正]Theonlythingthatthestudentscandoisstudyinghard.??
[析]在先行词前有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等词修饰时,虽然先行词指的是物,也不要用which作关系代词,而要用that。?
[误]ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmwhichI'veeverseen.
[正]ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmthatI'veeverseen.??
[析]在先行词是序数词,或由序数词修饰时,其关系代词不可用which这样的用法还有在形容词最高级修饰的先行词之后,如:ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverseen.
[误]HeisfromAfrica,thatwecanseefromthecolouroftheskin.??
[正]HeisfromAfrica,aswecanseefromthecolouroftheskin.??
[析]当as或which引导非限制性定语从句时,它可能没有明确的先行词,它们所指代的是前面整个句子。如例题应译为他是从非洲来这个事情是可以从其肤色上看出的。
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