读趣百科

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerthecolon.Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodrelatedtollnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchersrealizedthatitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfooddditives,causedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,nditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimessimilardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposes,butforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.

48.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.Foodandourhealth

BFoodandadditives

C.Foodandcancer

DFoodandculture

49AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT_______.

AFortypercentofcanceriscausedbyproblemsrelatedtofood.

BResearchershaveknownaboutthepotentialdangeroffoodadditivesformanyyears

C.Weeatsomeofthefoodadditivesdirectlyandsomeindirectly

DDrugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicinalpurposes

50.Whydofarmersgivedrugstotheiranimals?

A.tospeedupthegrowthofanimals

BTomaketheanimalsfatter

Ctomaketheanimals’meatfittoeat

DTomaketheanimals’meatrichinnutrients

51.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.

Ascientisthavemadeallthefoodfittoeat

Bonlyinrecentyearshavepeoplefoundthatthefoodisrelatedtoone’sillness

Callkindsofcancerarerelatedtothediet

Dsomeadditivesareharmfultoourhealth

52.Theword“this”inthesecondsentenceofparagraph2mostprobablyrefersto__________.

Afarmer

Bpenicillin

Cbeefandpoultry

Dthefactthatfarmersoftengivepenicillintoabeef

Thepatient______now______carefully.

Learningtocopewithahealthproblemcancontributetoabetterlife.

XiaoLingworksveryhard.She______bytheteachers.

Hamlet______byShakespeare.

Withtherapiddevelopmentofpetroleumindustry,moreandmoreoilproductsofhighqualityarebeingturnedout.

Asearlyasinthedevelopmentofagriculture,mendiscoveredhowtomakealcoholicdrinksfromgrapesandcorn.

Anewplaneisgoingto______byus.

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokentwice.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.DuringthepauseyoumustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

1.A)Dosometyping.

B)Buysomepaper.

C)Askthemantotype.

D)Wanttorunwiththeman.

2.A)10:50

B)10:15

C)10:48

D)10:52

3.A)Husbandandwife.

B)Agirlandherboyfriend.

C)Teacherandstudent.

D)Oldfriends.

4.A)Policeman.

B)Salesman.

C)Cardriver.

D)Conductor.

5.A)Inaschool.

B)Inatheater.

C)Inarestaurant.

D)Athome.

6.A)Sheagreed.

B)Shedisagreed.

C)Shewasimpatient.

D)Shewasworried.

7.A)Somethingcold.

B)Coffee.

C)Tea.

D)Somethinghot.

8.A)Gold.

B)Blue.

C)Brown.

D)Black.

9.A)Hedidn’knowtwheretofindtheprofessor.

B)Hehaddifficultydoingtheexperiment.

C)Hefailedtheexam.

D)Hecouldn’graduatetfromtheuniversity.

10.A)Themaniscoughing.

B)Themangaveupsmoking.

C)Themanhasalungdisease.

D)Themanhasaheartattack

Inthepast,operationsweredifficult.Untilthemiddleoftheeighteenfifties,surgerywasverydangerous.Manypatientsdiedaftereventhesmallestoperations.Thiswasbecausebacteriaenteredthecutsinthepatientsbodied’andstartedinfection.Insomecountries,upto90percentofpatientsdiedfrominfectionafteroperations.In1865,however,JosephLister,aBritishsurgeon,foundananswertotheproblem.Heusedan“antisepticduring”andafteroperations.Thiskilledthedangerousbacteriaandmostofhispatientslived.Sincethen,surgeonshaveusedantisepticsinalloperations.SurgeryhasdevelopedinmanyimportantwayssincethedayofJosephLister.Today,whenpatientsgotohospitalforanoperation,theycanexpectthebesttreatment,incleanandhygienicconditions.

33.Operationsweredifficultanddangerousuntil_______.

A.1850

B.themiddleof1850

C.themiddleofthefiftiesoftheeighteenthcentury

D.themiddleofthefiftiesofthenineteenthcentury

34.Inthepassage,surgerymeans__________.

A.Theperformingofanoperation

B.cure

C.treatment

D.medicine

35.Inthepast,upto90percentofpatientsdiedafteroperationsmainlyb

ecause__________.

A.bacteriaenteredthecutsinthepatientsbodies’andinfectiontookplace

B.theconditionsinhospitalswerebad

C.theskillofsurgeonswasnotsogood

D.therewerenogoodmedicineatthattime

36.Whichtopicofthefollowingbestsuitsthepassage?

A.Operationsweredifficultinthepast

B.ThedevotionofJosephListertomedicalscience

C.Surgeryhasbecomesafer

D.Developmentsinsurgery

37.JosephListerwas________.

A.aFrenchman

B.aGerman

C.anEnglishman

D.anAmeric

Directions:Inthispart,therearefouritemswhichyoushouldtranslateintoChinese,eachitemconsistingofonesentence.ThesesentencesarealltakenfromthereadingpassagesyouhavejustreadinPartIIIoftheTestPaper.Youareallowedminutestodothetranslation.Youcanreferbacktothepassagessoastoidentifytheirmeaninginthecontext.WriteyourtranslationontheTranslationSheetinTestPaperTwo.

T1.(Line2-3,Paragraph1,Passage1)

Thiswasbecausebacteriaenteredthecutsinthepatientsbodied’andstartedinfection.

T2.(Line2,Paragraph2,Passage2)

ManywererejectedbyU.S.medicalschoolssimplybecausetherewasnoroom.

T3:.(Line3-4,Paragraph1,Passage3):

Accusedofneglectingthispartofoureducation,myfatherinstitutedasummerschoolformybrotherandme.

T4:.(Line4-5,Paragraph1,Passage4)

Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.

Theteacher,ratherthanthestudents,isresponsibleforthismatter.

MiddleSchoolstudents______nottosmoke.