现代语言学考试试题及答案解析 - 读趣百科
单选题

By "language acquisition is primarily the acquistion of the grammatical system of language", linguists mean that ______.

A
everyspecificruleallowedbythegrammaticalsystemofalanguagemustbeacquired
B
thephonologicalrulesmustbeacquired
C
thesyntacticrulesmustbeacquired
D
thegeneralprinciplesthatarefundamentaltothegrammaticalityofspeechmustbeacquired

题目答案

D

答案解析

当我们说语言的习得基本上是语言的语法系统习得的时候,我们并不是说语言的语法系统内的每一个具体的规则都需要习得。实际上,儿童习得的是使言语合乎语法规范所必需的一些具有普遍意义的规则。我们注意到,在生成话语时,儿童倾向使用普遍的语法规则,而排斥个别的不规则的情况。

判断题

Accordingtothe"principles-and-parameters"theory,"principles"refertohighlyabstractpropertiesofgrammarwhichareappliedtolanguageingeneralandwhichgeneratephrasesandatthesametimerestrainthepowerofMovea,while"parameters"allowgeneralprinciplestooperateincertainrestrictedways,accordingtowhichparticulargrammarsofnaturallanguagesvary.

A
正确
B
错误

题目答案

A. 正确

答案解析

暂无解析
单选题

The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _______ with each other.

A
theyhadquarreled
B
theyhavequarreled
C
havetheyquarreled
D
hadtheyquarreled

题目答案

C

答案解析

本题考查的是倒装结构的用法。第二分句中因有否定副词never提前,故应用倒装结构;第一分句中的havebeenmarried已限定了时态,据此可排除D项。

判断题

Searle'sclassificationofillocutionaryactsisbasedontheclassificationofperformativeverbs.

A
正确
B
错误

题目答案

B. 错误

答案解析

暂无解析
单选题

Bloomfield drew on ______ psychology when trying to define the meaning of linguistic forms.

A
contextual
B
conceptualist
C
behaviorist
D
naming

题目答案

C

答案解析

布龙菲尔德在试图定义词汇意义时采用了行为主义心理学观点。

单选题

He said that the group ________ him a letter and asked him to go there for an interview.

A
havewritten
B
hadwritten
C
wrote
D
wouldwrite

题目答案

B

答案解析

“写信给他”应该发生在他说话之前,也就是过去的过去,用过去完成时。

单选题

Thereisagrowingbodyofevidencetosupportthefactthatmostpeoplesufferfromalackofdaydreaming_______anexcessofit.

A
otherthan
B
ratherthan
C
inplaceof
D
instead

题目答案

B

答案解析

rather than 而不是。 other than 不同于,除了; in place of 代替; instead 代替

单选题

If payment is not received, legal action will be our only ________.

A
aggression
B
advantage
C
alternative
D
ambition

题目答案

C

答案解析

A挑衅、侵犯B优势、优点C选择、取舍D野心、抱负

单选题

Johnson was ________ unknown before running for the presidency.

A
visibly
B
visually
C
vertically
D
virtually

题目答案

D

答案解析

A显然,明显地B外表上,直观地C垂直地,直立地D实际上,事实上

单选题

I was writing a report last night; ________ I would not have stayed up late.

A
however
B
otherwise
C
therefore
D
furthermore

题目答案

B

答案解析

我昨天晚上写一个报告,否则我就不会熬夜了。考查副词词义选择题。A然而,不过B否则,要不然C因此,所以D再者,而且

单选题

______ of a sentence depends on the context in which the sentence is uttered.

A
Sentencemeaning
B
Utterancemeaning
C
Thereference
D
Themeaning

题目答案

B

答案解析

话语意义基于句子意义,是句子意义在特定交际情景或者语境中的具体体现。也就是说,句子的话语意义依靠的是说该句子的语境或情景。

单选题

Iwaswritingareportlastnight;________Iwouldnothavestayeduplate.

A
however
B
otherwise
C
therefore
D
furthermore

题目答案

B

答案解析

我昨天晚上写一个报告,否则我就不会熬夜了。考查副词词义选择题。 A 然而,不过 B 否则,要不然 C 因此,所以 D 再者,而且

单选题

Younger children are curious ________ how things work ,and many of them want to take apart everything within their reach.

A
of
B
about
C
at
D
with

题目答案

B

答案解析

译文:小孩子对事物是如何组成的很好奇,一些孩子总是想把他们够得到的东西都拆开。此题考查短语搭配,becuriousabout对…好奇。

单选题

There is a deadlock(僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the other.

A
away
B
way
C
theway
D
itsway

题目答案

B

答案解析

译文:由于双方都不让步,讨论陷人了僵局。本题考查短语搭配,givewayto意思为“让路、让步”。

单选题

______ofasentencedependsonthecontextinwhichthesentenceisuttered.

A
Sentencemeaning
B
Utterancemeaning
C
Thereference
D
Themeaning

题目答案

B

答案解析

话语意义基于句子意义,是句子意义在特定交际情景或者语境中的具体体现。也就是说,句子的话语意义依靠的是说该句子的语境或情景。

单选题

Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce_______witheachother.

A
theyhadquarreled
B
theyhavequarreled
C
havetheyquarreled
D
hadtheyquarreled

题目答案

C

答案解析

本题考查的是倒装结构的用法。第二分句中因有否定副词 never 提前,故应用倒装结构;第一分句中的 have been married 已限定了时态,据此可排除 D 项。

单选题

The volunteers would rather go by train than ________.

A
todrive
B
drive
C
driven
D
tobedriven

题目答案

B

答案解析

wouldrather或wouldsooner的意思都是“宁愿”,其后要求直接用动词原形。如果后边是that引导的从句,那么要求用过去时动词表示尚未发生的动作,用过去完成时动词表示对已经发生的动作的某种愿望。应用举例:Wewouldrathertalkaboutfootballortheweather.我们宁愿谈谈有关足球或者天气的话题。Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.我宁愿你明天去。Iwouldsooneryouhadgonetheretoo.我宁愿你也去那里了。

单选题

Theothertimingsystembelongsinourinternalclocks,which,left________,wouldtiethebodytoa25-hourrhythm.

A
behind
B
alone
C
out
D
aside

题目答案

B

答案解析

译文:更不用说,另一个定时系统在我们的人体时钟内,它会使人保持在一个 25 小时的生理节奏上。此题考查关于 leave 的短语。 leave behind意为“留下, 放弃”,leave alone 意为“更不用说” 。 leave out 意为“遗漏,忽视”。

单选题

_______ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see film so often.

A
Ifitisnot
B
Wereitnot
C
Haditnotbeen
D
Iftheywerenot

题目答案

C

答案解析

从本题后半句可以看出这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句中的动词要用“had+过去分词”,如果将if省略,had要位于主语之前,构成倒装句,故本题的答案是C。Haditnotbeenforthefreeticket=Ifithadnotbeenforthefreeticket。

单选题

ModernEnglishwordsman,woman,child,eat,fight,etc,originatefrom______.

A
MiddleEnglish
B
OldEnglish
C
French
D
NormanFrench

题目答案

B

答案解析

古英语可以追溯到公元 5 世纪中叶,当时说英语的盎格鲁一撒克逊人从北欧入侵了不列颠群岛。英语中绝大多数基本单词均来自古英语,比如 man, woman, Child, house 等。