填空题
二次函数几种特殊形式的图象和性质
二次函数的图象和性质
函数形式 | 顶点坐标 | 对称轴 | 最值 | 开口、单调性 |
$y = a x ^ {2}$ | $( 0,0 )$ | $y$轴 | $\left. \begin{array} {l} {a > 0 \text {时}} \\ {x = 0 \text {时,} y _ {\text {最小值}} = 0 ;} \\ {a < 0 \text {时}} \\ {x = 0 \text {时},y _ {\text {最大值}} = 0} \end{array} \right.$ | $a>0$时，抛物线开口向； $x$在对称轴侧时，$y$随$x$的增大而增大； $x$在对称轴侧时，$y$随$x$的增大而减小； $a<0$时，抛物线开口向，$x$在对称轴侧时，$y$随$x$的增大而增大； $x$在对称轴侧时，$y$随$x$的增大而减小 |
$y = a x ^ {2} + k$ | $( 0,k )$ | $y$轴 | $\left. \begin{array} {l} {a > 0 \text {时}} \\ {x = 0 \text {时},y _ {\text {最小值}} = k ;} \\ {a < 0 \text {时}} \\ {x = 0 \text {时},y _ {\text {最大值}} = k} \end{array} \right.$ | |
$y = a ( x - h ) ^ {2}$ | $( h,0 )$ | $x=h$ | $\left. \begin{array} {l} {a > 0 \text {时,}} \\ {x = h \text {时},y _ {\text {最小值}} = 0 ;} \\ {a < 0 \text {时},} \\ {x = h \text {时},y _ {\text {最大偵}} = 0} \end{array} \right.$ | |
$y = a ( x - h ) ^ {2} + k$ | $( h,k )$ | $x=h$ | $\left. \begin{array} {l} {a > 0 \text {时}} \\ {x = h \text {时},y _ {\text {最小值}} = k ;} \\ {a < 0 \text {时},} \\ {x = h \text {时},y _ {\text {最大值}} = k} \end{array} \right.$ |
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